1. Section 2 Challenges of Urbanization
Chapter 7
Section 2
Challenges of Urbanization

2. Urbanization – growth of cities
Urban Opportunities
Urbanization – growth of cities
Why did most immigrants move to the cities?
Cheap, available apartments
Unskilled labor opportunities
Americanization Movement – assimilate immigrants into dominant native culture
Schools and voluntary associations teach –
English literacy
American history and government
Cooking, etiquette
From Country to City
Fewer laborers needed due to technology
Over 200,000 African-Americans move North
To escape poverty, discrimination
However, they faced many of the same issues in North

3. Mass transit
water
tenements
Urban Problems
sanitation
fire
crime

4. Settlement House Movement
Social Gospel Movement – preached salvation through service to the poor
Settlement Houses – community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to mostly immigrants
Run by middle class, educated women
English, health, art
Jane Addams founded Hull House in Chicago in 1889

5. Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives