Guided Reading Activity 13-2 Section 2 Outline

I. Northern Factories A. Working Conditions - In the summer factories were hot with no air flow. No such thing as air conditioning. Winter time is was cold because of no heat B. Attempts to Organize - 1. trade unions - 2. They went on strike C. African American Workers - 1. racial prejudice and discrimination - 2. Free African Americans were not allowed to vote; could not attend public school or use public facilities; poor, segregated schools and hospitals D. Women Workers - Employers discriminated against them, paying them less than male workers. Male workers excluded women from their unions

II. The Rise of Cities A. Introduction - 1. in overcrowded, rundown buildings with no plumbing or heat - 2. disease and fire B. Immigration - 1. because of a potato famine in Ireland in which more than 1 million people died - 2. Germany C. The Impact of Immigration - Roman Catholic D. Immigrants Face Prejudice - 1. nativists - 2. the Know-Nothings