1. Chapter 14 Notes Industry in the North, Life in the North
Cotton Kingdom in the South, Life in the South

2. New Inventions
New inventions in the North allowed for factories to be built away from rivers.
New farming machines helped farmers raise more grain with fewer hands.
As a result thousands of farmworkers left the countryside to work in factories.

3. The First Railroads
Steam powered engines pulled cars full of goods at 30 mph.
Early railroads faced many problems.
Poor roads led to accidents, often broke down, and the hot embers set nearby buildings on fire.

4. The Northern Economy Expands
Factories began to use steam power instead of water power.
More goods at a lower cost.
People began buying factory made products.
Railroads allowed for large amounts of goods to be transported at a low cost.
Many northern farmers left the countryside to work in factories.
How do you think life might have changed in a small town after a railroad linked it to New York City in 1840?

5. Life in the North
Industry in the North changed with the arrival of new immigrants and the efforts of factory workers to improve their working conditions.

6. Factory Conditions Become Worse
By the 1850s factories were larger, laborers worked longer hours for lower wages.
Entire families labored in factories.
Few factories had windows or heating systems.
There were no safety devices, and accidents were common.

7. Workers Join Together
Workers began to organize to fight against poor working conditions and low wages.
Artisans wanted better wages and working conditions.
Women faced worse problems than men.
Women meet at the Seneca Falls Convention to begin fighting for the right to vote.

8. A New Wave of Immigrants
An immigrant is a person who enters a new country, in order to settle there.
In the 1840s to 1850s 4 million immigrants arrived in the United States.
Most came from Ireland, Germany, and Great Britain.
This was due to famine and disease in Europe.

9. African Americans in the North
All Northern states had outlawed slavery.
African Americans faced Discrimination in the North.
Some achieved notable success in business.