THE CLIMATE AND LANDSCAPES OF THE EARTH

WARM CLIMATES Warm Climates are between the TROPIC OF CANCER and the TROPIC OF CAPRICORN. They are: – EQUATORIAL CLIMATE – TROPICAL CLIMATE – DESERT CLIMATE

MILD CLIMATES Mild Climates are in two hemispheres There are 3: 1.OCEAN CLIMATE 2.MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE 3.CONTINENTAL CLIMATE They have 4 seasons: WINTER, SUMMER, SPRING and AUTUMN

COLD CLIMATES They are in the POLES and in very high mountains (more than2500 meters) There are 2: POLAR CLIMATE HIGH MOUNTAIN CLIMATE – (Winters are very long, it doesn’t rain a lot, it snows…)

Equatorial Climate Tropical rainforests are warm and very rainy places. These areas are also known as “equatorial rainforests” because they are found near the equator. The temperatures there are usually between 20ºC and 27ºC.

Tropical Climate Tropical rainforests are forests with tall trees, warm climate, and lots of rain. In some rainforests it rains more than one inch every day! Rainforests are found in Africa, Asia, Australia, and Central and South America. The largest rainforest in the world is the Amazon rainforest.

Africa also has a tropical climate. This area is called the Savanna.

Oceanic Climate Oceanic climates are typically found along the west coasts at the middle latitudes of some of the world's continents, especially between Galicia and Norway. Oceanic forests have lots of coniferous or broadleaf trees and have lots of rain.

Mediterranean Climate A Mediterranean climate is a climate that has summers that are very dry and winters that don't have temperatures considered freezing. Any place located on the Mediterranean Sea is considered Mediterranean climates.

Continental Climate A continental climate is a climate typical of the interiors of the large continents of the Northern Hemisphere. They have four seasons: summer, autumn, winter and spring. The midwestern United States and Russia are areas with continental climates. – Taiga: A Taiga Forest is a forest where there are many conifers, or trees that don’t loose their leaves in the winter.

Desert Climate Deserts are found in parts of the world that have very little rain each year. Some desert areas haven’t received a single drop of rain in hundreds of years!

Warm Desert Climate: Hot desert climates have very hot temperatures, normally 40°C to 45°C. During colder periods of the year, night-time temperatures can drop to freezing or below. However, temperatures rarely drop below freezing. Cold Desert Climate: Cold desert climates have very cold, dry winters with temperatures far below the freezing point. Cold deserts are typically found at higher altitudes than hot desert climates, and are usually drier than hot desert climates.

Polar Climate Places with polar climates are very cold, snowy and windy. The temperatures rarely rise above 0ºC and drop as low as -89ºC. – Tundra: The word "tundra" means that the soil is permanently frozen. The tundra may not have any trees, only moss and lichen.

High Mountain Climate High mountain climates exist where the altitude is greater than 2500 metres and has characteristics similar to cold climates.