AGE OF INDUSTRY

ESSENTIAL QUESTION How do people live before changing lifestyles in an Age of Industry?

SUBSISTENCE FARMING People harvested only what they needed. COMMONS- people often shared land.

LABOR INTENSIVE Most people worked every day of the week.

HIGH INFANT MORTALITY Many babies died before one year old. Led to low life expectancy.

DOMESTIC SYSTEM People usually worked out of their homes. ARTISANS- those with special skills. Ex: SMITHS- worked with metals. TANNERS- made leather. TAILORS- made clothes.

COAL MINES One of few non-farming jobs available.

ESSENTIAL QUESTION What new technology led to a change of lifestyles?

STEEL PLOW Better tool used to help plant crops. WHY IMPORTANT- less need for farm workers.

COTTON GIN Could easily separate the seeds. Led to more slave labor.

SPINNING JENNY Could mass produce cloth. WHY IMPORTANT- needed workers

STEAM ENGINE Could power machines. WHY IMPORTANT- led to factories.

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Shift from farming to manufacturing. DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFT- most of world lives in urban areas rather than rural areas.

ESSENTIAL QUESTION How did the Industrial Revolution change the science of Economics?

CAPITAL Money, machines, natural resources and labor needed to start a business.

ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT Property no longer shared (commons) but instead is fenced off.

ASSEMBLY LINE Product come down conveyor belt, workers add to it. EXAMPLE: Henry Ford’s automobile factory.

DIVISION OF LABOR Each worker only has to know one part. WHY IMPORTANT: Factory owners can hire unskilled labor.

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS Any part can fit on any machine on the assembly line.

FACTORY SYSTEM Most people leave home to go to work. Opposite of domestic system.