Fall 2013

 There are two types of diabetes ◦ Type 1 and 2  Blood sugar is involved  Insulin is involved  You might need to take your blood sugar level  Symptoms can be treated

 In groups of 3-4  Research to find the answer to your assigned question on the next page.  Be prepared to share what you learned with your classmates.

 What is type 1 diabetes?  What is type 2 diabetes?  What causes diabetes? Is it hereditary?  How does it hurt your body? Is it deadly?  What are the symptoms?  If you have other diseases, does diabetes affect them?  How is your food intake related to diabetes?  Is there a cure? How do you manage the symptoms?

 Diagnosed as a child or young adult  Life long  Your pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin  You have a high blood sugar level  Insulin is a hormone that converts sugar and starches into energy.  Typically requires insulin injections

 Adult onset  More common than type 1  Can be caused by genetics and lifestyle factors – obesity  Often related to heart disease  Pancreases doesn’t make enough insulin or the insulin is ineffective  Liver might make too much sugar

 Type one is caused by genetics  Type two is mainly life style ◦ Obesity ◦ Poor diet (high sugar, high starch, highly processed) ◦ Lack of exercise

 Linked to high blood pressure  Linked to high cholesterol  Two types of reactions. Too much insulin equals low blood sugar. Too little insulin equals high blood sugar.  Both types can be deadly  Poor circulation  Nerve damage

 Increased urination  Increased thirst  Increased hunger  Unusual weight loss or gain  Blurred vision or fatigue  Cuts and wounds are slow to heal  Tingling, pain, numbness in hands and feet

 Diabetes is linked to ◦ Heart disease ◦ Nerve damage ◦ Kidney damage ◦ Blindness ◦ Amputation ◦ Skin and mouth conditions ◦ Hearing problems ◦ Pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes) ◦ Type one is linked to  Celiac Disease  Thyroid disorders

◦ Eat more balanced meals ◦ Watch carbohydrate intake ◦ Increase unsaturated fats ◦ Avoid sugar ◦ Exercise regularly ◦ Type 1 may need to intake sugar or inject insulin to manage blood sugar level

 No cure for type 1 ◦ Stem cell research is showing promise ◦ Convert stem cells into insulin producing cells  Treatment can be as good as a cure ◦ Weight loss – surgery or other method ◦ Improve diet ◦ Exercise