CLASSIFICATION REVIEW

Name the 3 domains Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Name this diagram used to show evolutionary relationships between organisms cladogram Image from:http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/images/clip0075.jpg

Which kingdoms belong in the DOMAIN EUKARYA? Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae

Protista ______________ _______________ Name the KINGDOM for each of these: Protista ______________ _______________ Animalia Plantae Archaebacteria

Fungi ______________ _______________ Name the Kingdom for each of these: Fungi ______________ _______________ Eubacteria Animalia

Bacteria that “like” living in HOT environments like volcano vents thermophiles Group or level of organization into which organisms are classified TAXON

Bacteria that “like” living in very SALTY environments halophiles Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name Binomial nomenclature

The evolutionary history of an organism phylogeny Diagram that shows evolutionary relationship based on comparing derived characters cladogram

Characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage but not in its older members Derived characters The science of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a unique universally accepted scientific name taxonomy

Large taxonomic group made up of closely related phyla; top level in Linnaeus’s classification hierarchy Kingdom Method of grouping organisms together according to their evolutionary history Evolutionary classification

Group of closely related classes Phylum (pl. phyla)

Group of similar orders CLASS Most inclusive taxonomic category based on ribosomal RNA; larger than a kingdom DOMAIN

Group of similar families ORDER Swedish botanist who came up with a classification system that groups organisms in a 7 level hierarchy and gives each a 2 part scientific name Carolus Linnaeus

Group of genera (plural of genus) that share many characteristics FAMILY

genus The first part of a 2 part scientific name Polysaccharide molecule used in plant cell walls to make them sturdy cellulose

The second part of a two part scientific name Species Hereditary information found in all living things DNA

Kingdom that includes all multicellular Kingdom that includes all prokaryotes with peptidoglycan in their cell walls Eubacteria Kingdom that includes all multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs with no cell walls or chloroplasts Animalia

Kingdom that includes multicellular Kingdom with includes heterotrophic eukaryotes with chitin in their cell walls Fungi Kingdom that includes multicellular eukaryotes that have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and have cell walls made of cellulose Plantae

Kingdom that includes prokaryotes without peptidoglycan in their cell walls Archaebacteria Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi; Some have cell walls made of cellulose and chloroplasts Protista

The scientific name for red maple is Acer rubrum. To which species does it belong? rubrum Silly phrase that will help you to remember the 7 hierarchy levels in Linnaeus’s classification system. Do kids prefer cheese over fried green spinach. Do kings play chess on fat green stools. Dear King Phillip come over for good spaghetti.

NAME the 8 taxonomic levels in Linnaeus’s hierarchy in order starting with the largest _ ________________ _________________ Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Name the original Kingdom in the 5-Kingdom system that was split into 2 separate bacterial kingdoms MONERA

The scientific name for red maple is Acer rubrum. To which genus does it belong? Acer The correct way to write the scientific name for lion is ________ Panthera leo panthera leo Panthera Leo Panthera leo Panthera leo or Panthera leo 1st name capitalized, second name lower case, Underlined or in italics

Suppose you discover a new single-celled organism Suppose you discover a new single-celled organism. It has a nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Into which Kingdom would you place it? PROTISTA- unicellular, eukaryote, with chloroplasts

Which of the following is true? TRUE TRUE Roaches and mantids share a more recent common ancestor than do roaches and termites. ancestor than do termites and mantids. Termites, roaches, and mantids share a common ancestor. TRUE TRUE TRUE

Both snakes and worms are tube-shaped with no legs. How could you determine if their similarity in shape means that they share a recent common ancestor? Examine internal structures to see if similar; Compare DNA to look for similarities

What must you know about a prokaryote to know which domain it belongs in? Does its cell wall have peptidoglycan? Give an example of an organism in the fungi kingdom. Mushrooms, yeast, mold

Cladistics Molecule found in the cell walls of Classification system that groups organisms and shows evolutionary relationships based on shared “derived characters” ______________________ Cladistics Molecule found in the cell walls of FUNGI that makes them different from plants chitin

A cell with a nucleus eukaryote

Organism that can make its own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis autotroph Cell with out a nucleus prokaryote

______________ _______________ Name the KINGDOM for each of these: Includes HETEROTROPHIC EUKARYOTES with CHITIN in their cell walls Includes HETEROTROPHIC EUKARYOTES without chloroplasts or cell walls ______________ _______________ FUNGI ANIMALIA

______________ _______________ Name the KINGDOM for each of these: Includes PROKARYOTES WITHOUT peptidoglycan in their cell walls Includes AUTOTROPHIC EUKARYOTES with chloroplasts & cellulose in their cell walls Includes EUKARYOTES (some with chloroplasts and cellulose In their cell walls) that aren’t plants, animals, or fungi ARCHAEA ______________ _______________ PLANTAE PROTISTA

Which DOMAIN includes all the living things whose cell have a nucleus? Eukarya Which kingdom includes the most diverse group of organisms because it contains any eukaryotes that don’t fit in the fungi, animal, or plant kingdoms? Protista

Which two species are more closely related? Look at the diagram above comparing DNA sequences. The colored segments show differences in DNA   Which two species are more closely related? B and C; these have fewer differences than A and C OR A and B Image from: Biology by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

Which DOMAIN includes all the living things whose cells have a nucleus? Eukarya Which kingdom includes the most diverse group of organisms because it contains any eukaryotes that don’t fit in the fungi, animal, or plant kingdoms? Protista

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