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Kingdoms & Domains Chapter 18-3
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As we discovered more about the natural world…
not all organisms fit into Linnaeus’s 2 kingdoms (_____ or _____) plant animal bacteria fungi Ex: _________ _____ Images from:
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_______________________ FIVE ORIGINAL KINGDOMS
(BACTERIA)
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6 KINGDOMS used today As we learned more about bacteria,
the __________ kingdom was split into TWO distinct kingdoms ___________ & ______________ MONERA Eubacteria Archaebacteria 6 KINGDOMS used today Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
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THREE-DOMAIN system Molecular analyses have given
rise to a ___________ _______ now recognized = _______ new taxonomic category DOMAIN
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Domains are larger than Kingdoms and are based on the kind of
Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia Domains are larger than Kingdoms and are based on the kind of ____________ an organism has. Ribosomal RNA
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya
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6 Kingdom System Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae
Animalia Kidspiration by Riedell
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= ____________ (Includes bacteria)
REMEMBER Cell without a nucleus = ____________ (Includes bacteria) Cell with a nucleus and organelles surrounded by membranes = _________________ (includes plants and animals) Organism that can make its own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis = ______________ Organism that gets food energy from consuming other organisms = _____________ PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE AUTOTROPH HETEROTROPH
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= _____________________
REMEMBER A ONE-CELLED organism = _____________________ Organism made of many cells = ______________ Polysaccharide made by joining glucose molecules together which makes plants sturdy = _________________ UNICELLULAR MULTICELLULAR CELLULOSE
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DOMAIN: BACTERIA KINGDOM: EUBACTERIA
_______________________ ______________________ Have cell walls with ________________ Can be ____________ or ______________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ PROKARYOTES UNICELLULAR PEPTIDOGLYCAN AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS E. coli, Streptococcus
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Polymer made of sugars and amino acids
found outside the cell membrane in the cell wall in some bacteria = ______________ PEPTIDOGLYCAN
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya BACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus
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DOMAIN: ARCHAEA KINGDOM: ARCHAEBACTERIA
PROKARYOTES _________________ Have cell walls _________ peptidoglycan Can be ___________ or ______________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ LIVE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS like volcanic hot springs, brine pools, low oxygen UNICELLULAR WITHOUT AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS Halophiles; thermophiles;
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Organisms that can live in HIGH temperature environments
Organisms that can live in HIGH temperature environments = ________________ Organisms that can live in high salt environments = ______________ THERMOPHILES HALOPHILES
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya BACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus ARCHAEA: Kingdom: Archaebacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - DO NOT have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: thermophiles and halophiles
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DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: PLANTAE
_______________________ ______________________ Have cell walls with ________________ and _____________ _________________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES MULTICELLULAR CELLULOSE CHLOROPLASTS AUTOTROPHS Mosses, ferns, trees, flowering plants
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya BACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus ARCHAEA: Kingdom: Archaebacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - DO NOT have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: thermophiles and halophiles EUKARYA: Kingdom: Plantae - eukaryotes - multicellular - cell walls with CELLULOSE, have chloroplasts - autotrophs EX: mosses, ferns, cone-bearing trees, flowering plants
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DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: ANIMALIA
DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: ANIMALIA _______________________ _____________________ ________________ or _______________ __________________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES MULTICELLULAR NO CELL WALLS CHLOROPLASTS HETEROTROPHS Worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals, humans
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya BACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus EUKARYA: Kingdom: Animalia - eukaryotes - multicellular - NO cell walls, NO chloroplasts - heterotrophs (consume nutrients) EX: worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals ARCHAEA: Kingdom: Archaebacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - DO NOT have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: thermophiles and halophiles EUKARYA: Kingdom: Plantae - eukaryotes - multicellular - cell walls with CELLULOSE, have chloroplasts - autotrophs EX: mosses, ferns, cone-bearing trees, flowering plants
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DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: FUNGI
_______________________ ______________________ Have cell walls with ________________ _______________ __________________________________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES Most MULTICELLULAR; few UNICELLULAR CHITIN HETEROTROPHS- absorb nutrients from decaying organic matter Mushrooms, yeast
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya BACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus EUKARYA: Kingdom: Animalia - eukaryotes - multicellular - NO cell walls, NO chloroplasts - heterotrophs (consume nutrients) EX: worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals ARCHAEA: Kingdom: Archaebacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - DO NOT have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: thermophiles and halophiles EUKARYA: Kingdom: Fungi - eukaryotes - most multicellular, some unicelluar - cell walls with CHITIN, NO chloroplasts - heterotrophs (absorb nutrients) EX: mushrooms, fungi EUKARYA: Kingdom: Plantae - eukaryotes - multicellular - cell walls with CELLULOSE, have chloroplasts - autotrophs EX: mosses, ferns, cone-bearing trees, flowering plants
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DOMAIN: EUKARYA KINGDOM: PROTISTA
_______________________ ______________________ Some have cell walls with ________________ ____________________ Can be _____________ or _____________ EXAMPLES: _____________________ EUKARYOTES Most UNICELLULAR; some colonial/multi CELLULOSE Some have chloroplasts AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS Amoeba; Paramecium; Giant kelp; slime mold
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Domains are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of Ribosomal RNA an organism has.
The three domains are: 1. Bacteria 2. Archaea 3. Eukarya BACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus EUKARYA: Kingdom: Animalia - eukaryotes - multicellular - NO cell walls, NO chloroplasts - heterotrophs (consume nutrients) EX: worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals ARCHAEA: Kingdom: Archaebacteria - prokaryotes - unicellular - DO NOT have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: thermophiles and halophiles EUKARYA: Kingdom: Fungi - eukaryotes - most multicellular, some unicelluar - cell walls with CHITIN, NO chloroplasts - heterotrophs (absorb nutrients) EX: mushrooms, fungi EUKARYA: Kingdom: Plantae - eukaryotes - multicellular - cell walls with CELLULOSE, have chloroplasts - autotrophs EX: mosses, ferns, cone-bearing trees, flowering plants EUKARYA: Kingdom: Protista - eukaryotes - most unicellular, some colonial/mulit - cell walls with CELLULOSE, SOME have chloroplasts - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: amoeba, Paramecium, slime mold
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Classification of Living Things
Figure Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains Section 18-3 Classification of Living Things DOMAIN KINGDOM CELL TYPE CELL STRUCTURES NUMBER OF CELLS MODE OF NUTRITION EXAMPLES Bacteria ____________ Prokaryote Cell walls with peptidoglycan Unicellular Autotroph or heterotroph Streptococcus, Escherichia coli Archaea Archaebacteria Prokaryote Cell walls without peptidoglycan _____________ Autotroph or heterotroph Methanogens, halophiles Protista Eukaryote Cell walls of cellulose in some; some have chloroplasts Most unicellular; some colonial; some multicellular __________________________ Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, giant kelp Fungi Eukaryote ______________________ Most multicellular; some unicellular Heterotroph Mushrooms, yeasts Eukarya Plantae Eukaryote Cell walls of cellulose; chloroplasts ___________ Mosses, ferns, flowering plants Animalia ____________ No cell walls or chloroplasts Sponges, worms, insects, fishes, mammals Eubacteria Eukaryote Cell walls of chitin Multicellular Unicellular Multicellular Autotroph or Heterotroph Autotroph Heterotroph
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Figure 18-13 Cladogram of Six Kingdoms and Three Domains
Section 18-3 DOMAIN ARCHAEA DOMAIN EUKARYA Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia DOMAIN BACTERIA
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__________________ are larger than kingdoms and are based on the kind of _______________ RNA an organism has. The three domains are: 1. ______________ 2. ___________ 3. __________ EUBACTERIA: Kingdom: Eubacteria - ________________ - unicellular - _______ peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: E. Coli and Streptococcus EUKARYA: Kingdom: Animalia - eukaryotes - multicellular - _____ cell walls, _____ chloroplasts - heterotrophs (consume nutrients) EX: worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals ARCHAEA: Kingdom: Archaebacteria - prokaryotes - _________________ - _______ have peptidoglycan in cell walls - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: thermophiles and halophiles EUKARYA: Kingdom: Fungi - eukaryotes - ______ multicellular, _____ unicelluar - cell walls with _______, ___ chloroplasts - heterotrophs (_________ nutrients) EX: mushrooms, fungi EUKARYA: Kingdom: Plantae - eukaryotes - multicellular - cell walls with _______________, have chloroplasts - _______________________ EX: mosses, ferns, cone-bearing trees, flowering plants EUKARYA: Kingdom: Protista - ___________ - ______ unicellular, some colonial/mulit - cell walls with ____________, ______ have chloroplasts - autotrophs OR heterotrophs EX: amoeba, Paramecium, slime mold
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Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains
Section 18-3 Figure Key Characteristics of Kingdoms and Domains DOMAIN KINGDOM CELL TYPE CELL STRUCTURES NUMBER OF CELLS MODE OF NUTRITION EXAMPLES Bacteria Archaea Eukarya
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