Plants

What are some of the ways organisms depend on plants?

What are some of the ways organisms depend on plants? Food

What are some of the ways organisms depend on plants? Food Shelter

What are some of the ways organisms depend on plants? Food Shelter Protection

What are some of the ways organisms depend on plants? Food Shelter Protection Oxygen

Think about your day. Turn to a neighbor and discuss specific ways you depend on plants.

Is this a plant?

Is this a plant?

Is this a plant?

Is this a plant?

All plants… Eukaryotic & multicellular Are producers – an organism that makes its own food by using an outside energy source (the sun) Have cell walls (organelle only in plants) Have chloroplasts (organelle only in plants)

What is a cell wall? Provides support and protection Make of cellulose and lignin Animals have skeletons to hold them up, plants do not. No matter how tall a plant gets, the cell wall help them hold their shape. Like taking a water balloon and putting it in a cardboard box.

What is a chloroplast? Organelle that converts light energy to chemical energy through a process called photosynthesis (we’ll talk about that later)

How can plants be classified? Lets create a classification map (tree map) Have students create a classification map in their notes as discuss various types of plants.

plants

plants Non-vascular vascular Contains specialized tubes that transport water & nutrients Does not contain vascular tissue

plants non-vascular vascular Seedless Contains specialized tubes that transport water & nutrients Does not contain vascular tissue Seedless Reproduces by spores (needs water) No flowers No roots (have rhizoids) No cuticle Small in size Examples: liverworts, mosses, hornworts, bryophytes

Non-vascular Seedless Plants Rhizoids helps to anchor plant Gets water and nutrients by osmosis and diffusion

Liverworts

Hornworts

Mosses

Bryophytes

plants vascular non-vascular Seedless Seed Seedless Contains specialized tubes that transport water & nutrients Does not contain vascular tissue Seedless Seed Seedless Reproduces by spores (needs water) No flowers No roots (have rhizoids) No cuticle Small in size Examples: liverworts, mosses, hornworts, bryophytes Larger than nonvascular seedless plants Examples include: ferns, clubmoss and horsetails

Vascular Seedless Plants Contain vascular tissue in root, stem and leaves. Tube structures transport water and nutrients. Examples include Tree ferns, club moss and horsetail.

Club Moss ferns

plants non-vascular vascular Seedless Seed Seedless Angiosperms Does not contain vascular tissue Contains specialized tubes that transport water & nutrients Seedless Reproduces by spores (needs water) No flowers No roots (have rhizoids) No cuticle Small in size Examples: liverworts, mosses, hornworts, bryophytes Seed Seedless Larger than nonvascular seedless plants Examples include: ferns, clubmoss and horsetails Angiosperms Gymnosperms Cone-baring seeds Example – pine, cedar, spruce

Gymnosperm Plants Pine Tree Cedar Tree Spruce Tree

Gymnosperms Seeds produced in a cone Group includes oldest plant and tallest plant. Bristlecone Pine - Know to live for over 5,000 years. Coast Redwood - Forest trees grow over 379 feet tall

plants non-vascular vascular Seedless Seed Seedless Angiosperms Does not contain vascular tissue Contains specialized tubes that transport water & nutrients Seedless Reproduces by spores (needs water) No flowers No roots (have rhizoids) No cuticle Small in size Examples: liverworts, mosses, hornworts, bryophytes Seed Seedless Larger than nonvascular seedless plants Examples include: ferns, club moss and horsetails Angiosperms Gymnosperms Cone-baring seeds Example – pine, cedar, spruce Flowering seeds 260,000 types Many foods and other items Seeds as part of a fruit Fruit grows from flowers

Apple Tree Sunflower Lady Slipper Orchid Pumpkins

Angiosperms Grow in a variety of habitats Most food eaten by humans comes from angiosperms or animals that eat angiosperms. Other items such as clothing, medicine, building materials. Flowering plants

Types of Angiosperms Monocots Dicots Narrow leaves with parallel veins. Leaves with branched veins Flowers with parts in multiples of threes Flowers with parts in multiples of four or five Stems – vascular tissue in bundles scattered throughout the stem Stems – vascular tissue in bundles in rings Seeds – one cotyledon Seeds – two cotyledons

Parts of a plant

Parts of a plant flower leaf stem roots

Parts of a plant Leaf flower major site of photosynthesis Captures light energy and converts to chemical energy to provide food. stem roots

Parts of a plant Stem flower leaf Connects the roots to the leaves Supports branches and leaves Transports (moves) water, minerals and food. roots

Parts of a plant Roots flower leaf stem Vital Anchors Keeps plant upright Absorbs water Stores food (sugar) – ex: radishes, carrots, potatoes, etc. Absorbs minerals from the soil

Parts of a plant Flower Attract insects to help the plant reproduce. Part of the plant that has the reproductive organs leaf stem http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/supermkt.html roots

Parts of a plant Cuticle leaf Waxy protective layer on leaves, stem and flowers Provides protection from insects Slows evaporation of water stem http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/supermkt.html roots

Parts of a flower

Anther Produces and carries pollen Stamen Male part of flower, produces pollen Filament Fine hair like stalk the anther sits on Petal Colorful part that attracts pollinators Parts of a Flower Stigma Sticky bulb that receives the pollen grains Sepal Protects the flower before it opens Style Long stalk that the stigma sits on Pistil The female part of the plant Ovary Has seeds inside Ovule The part of the ovary that becomes the seed

Video – “Life” by BBC Take notes during the video. We will be stopping and answering some questions in your INB

What are mangroves? Mangroves are various kinds of trees and shrubs that grow in saltwater habitats in the tropics and subtropics.

Location of Mangroves around the world

Mangroves

Activity Cut out Mangrove article and paste on right side of notebook Number paragraphs Circle at least 2 vocabulary words per paragraph (pick one color) Read article, underline any important information (another color - no more than 5 words per underline)

Create a “1 – Pager” On the left side of the INB (use different color for each) Make a boarder with all the vocabulary words you circled in the article In the top ¼ of the page - create a title Next ¼ draw a picture to represent what you read Pick most important vocabulary words and make a mini boarder around your picture. Choose the most important quote from the words that your underlined and rewrite it in the next ¼ In the last ¼ of the page, create 1 (or more) higher order thinking question based on the reading…and…. Answer the HOT question

Share…. Take 3 sticky notes and write your name on them. Visit 3 other notebooks and look at their 1-pager Leave your sticky notes on the pages you view

Photosynthesis A series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water and carbon dioxide into the food-energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen. Occurs in the chloroplasts Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll, a chemical that absorbs and reflects light. Leaves appear green because the chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs all the other colors of light.

Photosynthesis 6CO₂ + 6H₂O C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ Light energy Chlorophyll C=Carbon O=oxygen H=hydrogen CO₂ = carbon dioxide H₂O = water CH₂O = sugar/glucose

Cellular Respiration All organisms require energy (usable power) to survive. Energy is in the chemical bonds in food molecules. Cellular respiration is a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a useable form of energy called ATP.

Cellular Respiration ATP= (adenosine triphosphate) ATP is the energy used for all cellular processes (everything the every cell does) Example: muscle contraction uses 2 million ATP molecules per second. Without ATP we would die.

Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration takes place in the mitochondrion of the cells in ALL living things.   C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP (glucose) (energy)

Model of Photosynthesis and Respiration http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia/uploads/alberta/Photo.html Cut and glue picture on right side under notes. Draw arrows on picture to match website address image for the direction of CO2, H2O and O2. Color carbon dioxide circles orange, oxygen red circles and water blue circles (on picture and legend)