"RPAS potential for European border surveillance" Land and maritime surveillance, border patrol Zdravko Kolev Research and Development Unit 09 February 2012

Frontex EU agency Independant legal body with management board of MS ’border chiefs’ 298 staff and growing Operational in Warsaw since Oct. 05 Council Regulation (EC) 2007/2004/ (26.10.2004, OJ L 349/25.11.2004) Amended by the Regulation (EU) No 1168/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011

Frontex mission ”While considering that the responsibility for the control and surveillance of external borders lies with the Member States, the Agency shall facilitate and render more effective the application of existing and future Community measures relating to the management of external borders.” “…contributing to an efficient, high and uniform level of control on persons and surveillance of the external borders…” “ … the Agency may acquire, itself or in co-ownership with a Member State, or lease technical equipment for external border control to be deployed during joint operations …”

Surveillance User’s Needs Challenges for European border surveillance Surveillance User’s Needs Platforms and sensors for the collection of data and information 24/7 all weather surveillance border and pre-frontier Platforms and sensors to facilitate interception Systems to exchange information Systems to exploit the information and react quickly to evolving threats All the above: Affordable and Integrable

Surveillance User’s Needs Challenges for European border surveillance Surveillance User’s Needs

Examining the creation of a European Border EUROSUR EUROSUR Examining the creation of a European Border Surveillance System (EUROSUR) Communication by Commission in February 2008 Council conclusions in June 2008 and Stockholm Programme System of systems to provide situational awareness of border areas Three phases: Interlinking and streamlining existing surveillance systems at MS level Development and implementation of common tools and applications at EU level Creation of a common monitoring and information sharing environment for maritime domain

EUROSUR - THE NETWORK PROJECT NCC Local System Show information exchange between a limited number of 6 MS (2012 – 18MSs) and Frontex. Facilitate exchange of what MS are able and willing to share. Basic idea: gradual development of EUROSUR

EUROSUR

Satellites and RPA for border surveillance Satellites with imaging radar (SAR) or optical sensors are useful for intelligence gathering, but not for real time tracking RPA have potential but must prove to be cost effective compared to manned flights

Demonstration of mini RPA and Aerostats Workshops «RPA and Land Border Surveillance» 2009 & 2010 Imatra, Finland SELEX ”ASIO” + HYDRA ”SENSORINTEGRATION” LIVE DEMO PATRIA ”MASS” LIVE DEMO ”LIVE VIDEO FROM MOBILE TO MOBILE OVER IP”, AHORTEC LTD LIVE DEMO AERONAUTICS SKYSTAR 180 Tactical aerostat All weather conditions SIM SKYEYE”+ QUATTRO VIDEOTRANSMISSION SYSTEM RAFAEL ”ORBITER” LIVE DEMO + AERONAUTICS AEROSTAT SYSTEM, NOT LIVE DEMO

Demonstration sessions Aktio and Istres 2011 Lockheed Martin OPA DA-42 IAI HERON 1 AKTIO, GREECE PATROLLER RPA Workshop and Demonstration 2011 - “RPAs potential for European border surveillance”, organized during weeks 41 and 42, 2011 in Aktio Hellenic Air Force Base (Preveza, Greece) & Flight Test Center (Istres, France). 6 RPA platforms (1 - Medium Altitude Long Endurance RPA; 2 - OPA (Optional piloted aircraft), 1 – Small long endurance RPA; 2 Small RPA). 32 hours day flights and 6 hours night flights. Istres, France SpyLite FULMAR PUMA

Land and maritime surveillance, border patrol scenarios SAR operations Demonstration session 2011 Land and maritime surveillance, border patrol scenarios SAR operations

Surveillance User’s Needs RPAS potential for Border surveillance Surveillance User’s Needs Maritime domain detection of small vessels (fast and speedboats) at long distance wide area and long endurance real and near-real time operational data supporting Search and Rescue integration with other existing surveillance networks sensors – MPR, SAR, HD EO/IR, SIGINT Land border surveillance efficient detection of human presence and vehicles all weather and day/night conditions speed and altitude adaptability sensors

Integration into normal airspace RPAS – critical hurdles Cost effectiveness (cost effective compared to manned flights) Integration into normal airspace

Frontex activities in 2012 Maritime domain – operational assessment of Medium Altitude Long Endurance RPAS platform and sensors capabilities Aerial border surveillance trails – optionally piloted aircraft 2012 Implementation of the Study on RPA for Border Surveillance – performance & efficiency - Isdefe, Spain

RPAS could play a significant role in EUROSUR RPA have potential Conclusions Frontex works closely with the Commission and MSs in the development of EUROSUR RPAS could play a significant role in EUROSUR RPA have potential Maritime surveillance Long range and long endurance Land RPA need to prove Usefulness (legal / insertion into civil airspace) Cost-effectiveness

Thank you for your attention !