1. Satellite technology in support of coast guard operations
Dylan Llewellyn

2. WHAT IS OVERSEE?

3. AGENGIES INTEROPERABILITY
CHALENGES
AWARENESS
Multitude of non-integrated data sources
Ability to extract effective knowledge from the huge volume of collected data
OPERATIONS SUPPORT
Ability to take the right decision in a complex environment with multiple variables
Operations monitoring in real-time
Command and Control
ANTECIPATION
Ability to continuously analyse the available information and to anticipate risk scenarios (e.g. detection of suspicious vessel behaviour)
AGENGIES INTEROPERABILITY
Secure and reliable inter-agency information exchange
Coordination of cooperative operations conducted with other maritime agencies
Today maritime authorities have at their disposal a great number of information sources. These range from Coastal Surveillance systems providing AIS and radar pictures, Vessel Monitoring Systems, and Long-Range Identification and Tracking systems to satellite based AIS receivers and satellite imagery. Moreover, with the increased operational capability of autonomous vehicles it is possible to collect detailed on-scene information.
To that we can add, GMDSS alerts, weather and other valuable information available from multiple sources on the internet or information made available in the scope of inter-agency cooperation through networks such as MARSUR, Frontex EUROSUR, EUCISE2020, etc.
The challenge today is not on developing new sensing capabilities but rather in being able to consume all available data, to fuse it and to make sense of it, bringing relevant information to the focus and therefore enabling prevention, preparedness, risk analysis, and early warning.
Also, in such complex environments decision supports tools may be a very valuable. These might range from simple GIS tools to complex decision aid capabilities that take into consideration historical data helping for example to pre-position resources based on incident hotspots.
Effective command and control with real-time monitoring of the operations is normally a requirement.
Finally, information exchange should be made possible to facilitate inter-agencies cooperation.

4. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH
SEARCH AND RESCUE
LAW EFORCEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
AWARENESS, RISK MANAGEMENT AND RESPONSE
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
SECURITY
GOVERNANCE
KNOWLEDGE
ACTION
AWARENESS
DECISION
OVERSEE has been designed to cope with Search and Rescue, Law Enforcement and Environmental Response challenges providing support to not only to awareness, risk management and response, but also to maritime operation centre management.
Governance and Security are also two very important aspects of the system that have been taken into consideration.

5. AWARENESS, RISK MANAGEMENT AND RESPONSE
KNOWLEDGE
Risk analysis and incident anticipation
Early warning
ACTION
Command and Control capabilities
AWARENESS
Situational Awareness: integration of data sources
Correlation and fusion
DECISION
Decision Support Tools
With respect to Awareness, Risk Management and Response we can think on OVERSEE has 4 layers:
- First provides Awareness. One of the challenges that exists today on many operations centres it to make sense of a number of different systems (Traffic - AIS, SAT-AIS, VMS, LRIT; Alerts – COSPAS-SARSAT, DSC; Weather; etc.). Most of the times those are not even timely synchronized. What OVERSEE does is to correlate and fused data from all these sources providing a single integrated picture that facilitates awareness
But when you integrate all this huge volume of data it becomes nearly impossible to process it only with human eyes. This is why we have a second layer that automatically monitors in real-time information received and call operators attention for specific events contributing to risk identification, incident anticipation and early warning
On such complex environment decision supports tools can be very helpful. That is given by the third layer
Finally on the 4th layer we have command and control capabilities

6. AWARENESS, RISK MANAGEMENT AND RESPONSE

7. AWARENESS
Georeferenced display of maritime traffic integrated from different sources (e.g. AIS, S-AIS, Radar, Satellite, VMS, LRIT, etc.), GMDSS Alerts, weather information, resources and other points-of-interest, overlaid on cartographic layers.

8. KNOWLEDGE
Geo-fencing and behaviour based alarms that will trigger when user specified conditions are met.
Early warning facilitated by risk analysis algorithms.

9. DECISION
GIS tools that allow to draw areas and points, measure distances, bearing lines, and determine interception points, closest points of approach and corresponding ETA.
Search planning with drift analysis, search facilities selection, search areas determination and assignment of sub-areas to facilities, and search patterns computation.
Rewind and replay capabilities.

10. ACTION Develop search action plans and send them to resources.
Resource tasking (e.g. through paging system).
SITREP semi-automated creation and management to keep stake holders informed.
Collaborative environment that facilitated decision and action processes.
Monitor mission as it develops.

11. OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT

12. DASHBOARD Overview of the status of each centre at all times.
Displays important up-to-date information from the rest of the application as well as free-form ad-hoc information relevant to the centre, manually entered by operators.
NOTE: You can remove the boxes with the text, add it to the notes and use on your speech.

13. LOGING AND INCIDENT MANAGEMENT
Capture and keep a record of all incoming and outgoing communications between the centre and external entities and record any actions or decisions made at the centre.
Record all information related to incidents, such as details on the subjects involved, statistical information, the outcome of the incident, the resource tasked, within other.

14. REPORTS
Support the creation a number of management reports providing summary and statistical information for tracking the performance of the organization (KPIs), helping to identify improvements needed in the allocation of resources, preventative measures or legislation.

15. SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY IN SUPPORT OF COAST GUARD OPERATIONS

16. COSPAS-SARSAT
GMDSS COSPAS-SARSAT alerts are received and automatically geo-referenced in the Integrated Maritime Picture. Doppler A and Doppler B positions as well as encoded and resolved positions are plotted on the map when available. If vessel is known by the system it is also linked with the alarm.

17. SAT-AIS
Satellite AIS traffic is fused with other sources such as coastal AIS, VMS, and Radar and overlaid on electronic nautical charts (e.g. S-57, S-63).

18. SAR IMAGERY
Overlay of SAR imagery upon the detection of a possible oil spill. Operators can use the Time Machine tool and drift analysis tools to identify possible sources of the oil spill.

19. SHIP DETECTION
Alarm triggered when the system detects that a vessel which is likely required to be equipped with AIS based on its apparent size (as determined through SAR image analysis) is not reporting on AIS but was detected by SAR.

20. ALGAE PREDICTION AND MONITORING
Alarm triggered when a coastal algal bloom has been detected by an algae detection algorithm based on processed SAR and optical images. The related images are retrieved and overlaid on the map so that operators can validate and monitor the occurrence.

21. FISHERIES CONTROL
SAR and AIS (or other position tracking system) used with bespoke alarms to trigger notifications when vessels enter restricted zones or display behaviour indicative of illegal activity, e.g. fishing vessel detected inside a restricted fishing area, navigating at a low speed and/or SAR images showing fishing net trails.

22. Dylan Llewellyn BDM – Global Aerospace