Lower limb

Consists of thigh, leg, ankle and foot.

Thigh Region between hip and knee. Is a single bone, the femur. Head (proximal) of femur articulates with the pelvis at the acetubulum. Condyles (distal) articulate with the tibia.

Medial and lateral epicondyles provide points of attachment for muscles. The trochanter is a distinctive tuberosity found only on the femur. Point of muscle attachment.

The patella is inside the major tendon of the anterior thigh muscles. Allows the tendon to turn the corner over the knee.

Thigh

Leg Between knee and ankle. Contains two bones, the tibia and fibula.

Tibia is larger. It is the weight bearing bone in lower leg. The rounded condyles of the femur articulate with flat condyles of the tibia (proximal).

Distal is the tibial tuberosity where muscles of the anterior thigh attach. Fibula does not articulate with the femur. Attaches by its head to the proximal tibia.

Distal ends of tibia and fibula form a partial socket around and articulate with a bone is the ankle, the talus. The “ankle” bones we feel are actually the lateral malleolus (fibula) and the medial malleolus (tibia).

Leg

Ankle Consists of seven tarsal bones. Talus – articulates with the tibia and fibula. Calcaneus – forms the heel Cuboid Navicular Medial cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform Lateral cuneiform

Foot Metatarsals and phalanges. Numbered just as the metacarpals and phalanges of the hand Two primary arches in the foot are formed by the positions of the tarsals and the metatarsals. The longitudinal arch extends from the heel to ball of foot. The transverse arch extends across the foot.

Foot