1. Lower Appendage

2. Femur Femur – largest, longest, strongest bone
- articulates with acetabulum (proximal) and tibia & patella (distal)
Region from the hip to the knee
Head – large, smooth, ball-shaped; fits into acetabulum
Greater & lesser trochanter – projections at proximal end; sites for muscle attachment
Lateral & medial condyle – two large surfaces on distal end

3. Femur
On posterior view, the gluteal tuberosity and the linea aspera both serve as attachement sites for the tendons of the thigh muscles.

4. Patella Kneecap Anchors the anterior thigh muscle to the tibia
Base – broad, superior end
Apex – pointed, inferior end

5. Fibula Slender bone on lateral side Head – on proximal end
Lateral malleolus – projection at the distal end that articulates with the talus
- forms the bulge of the ankle (outer)

6. Tibia
Larger, weight bearing bone on medial side; articulates with the femur & fibula (proximal) and fibula & talus (distal)
Lateral & medial condyles – slightly concave region where the condyles of the femur fit
Tibial tuberosity – rough area below the condyles for attachment of ligaments associated with the knee
Anterior crest – sharp ridge on anterior surface; forms the shin
Medial malleolus – forms the medial bulge of the ankle (inner)

7. Foot Composed of the ankle, insteps and toes Tarsals – 7
Tarsus – ankle; articulates with lateral malleolus of fibula and medial malleolus of tibia
Calcaneous – heel bone
Navicular
Meidal cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid
Metatarsals – 5
Phalanges – 14
Hallux – big toe