Joints of the Human Body

Joints Joints are the ________________(or articulations) between _________connected bones. Joints ________________________ _______________________________.

3 Types of Joints (Functional Classification)

Fibrous- immovable joints Fibrous Joints – Example :

2. Semi-movable joints a. Ligamentous – Example :

2. Cartilaginous semi-movable joints b. Cartilaginous - Example :

3. Synovial – freely movable joints Synovial -

Types of Synovial Joints Ball-and- socket joint Hinge joint Saddle joint Gliding joint Pivot joint Ellipsoid joint

Joints in the Skeleton

Synovial Joints 1.Gliding (arthrodial)

2. Hinge (ginglymus)

3. Pivot (trochoid)

4.Ellipsoid

5. Saddle

6. Ball & Socket

Related Joint Structures Ligaments Fibrocartilage –Occupies the space between ________________ ______________and can take on many sizes and shapes –Is __________ and are know as disks (e.g. those between the vertebrae of the spine), while others are flat or circular in shape (e.g. knee) –Is resilient and functions as the shock absorber –Not blood supply of its own and relies on synovial fluid for nourishment

Synovial Membrane –A thin tissue that surrounds most freely moving joints –Membrane secretes synovial fluid which provides nourishment for cartilaginous disks, lubrication, and hydrostatic cushioning Joint Capsule Bursae Others (found in some joints): articular discs, fibrocartilaginous labra, meniscus and intracapsular tendons

Examples of opposing muscles and muscle groups AGONIST (Prime Mover) ANTAGONIST Elbow flexion Biceps brachii Triceps brachii Shoulder abduction Medial shoulder rotation Knee extension Wrist flexion Dorsi flexion Trunk flexion Hip flexion