JOURNAL List the pros and cons of living in a large city. What do you think it would be like to live in a large northern industrial city in the 1800’s. Explain

THE MARKET REVOLUTION ( ) Chapter 8

 Country changes early 1800’s  Population grows  Demand for more as well as diverse goods  Cash and credit! MARKET REVOLUTION SECTION 1

SAMUEL SLATER  Arrived in disguise in America late 1700’s  Build first textile mill Providence, RI in 1790  Became wealthy building mills northeast

A NEW TYPE OF WORKER  The entrepreneur Good economy early 1800’s-more business owners  Capitalism Risk taking and free enterprise encouraged  Capital Supply of money and goods

HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY  Households self-sufficient 1600 and 1700’s  Produced all goods needed in house  Sold or traded surplus  Work only for household  Households begin to produce less at home; buy more  Workshops and factories become common

 1780’s -1790’s growth  Credit and cash for investing  Started by private investors  Help develop American economy BANKS & BUYING  Americans buy more goods  Middle class become more “affluent”  Capitalism not embraced by all

THE NORTHERN SECTION Section 2

 Northeast New England, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania  Old Northwest Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota THE DIVIDED NORTH

NORTHWEST  Farms  Small towns  Crops Exported/marketed majority of products for consumption

NORTHEAST  Farms  Factories  Textile mills Waltham and Lowell, MA Young, unmarried females employed Lowell Textile Mills

CONTINUED…….  Young people move to cities  Populations explode  Men and women work outside of home  Poverty on the rise  Cities unable to support population growth

 Take risks  Provided factories  Paid workers  Downside-wages low and conditions sometimes bad; employees could be replaced  Not so satisfied outside the home  Looked for solutions to poor working conditions and low wages  Strikes become common OWNERS VS. WORKERS Capitalists Workers

THE SOUTHERN SECTION Section 3

COTTON IS KING!  Tobacco and cotton major crops in South  Labor intensive  Easier to transport (export) (1860 cotton 2/3rds of the total value of American exports)

SOUTHERN ECONOMY  Crops that were transported elsewhere  No major factories or industries  Farms and large plantations where cotton was grown  Large cities, but less than the North  Large population of African Americans

 Cotton, tobacco, sugar labor intensive  Enslaved African Americans provided cheap labor  Very few whites in the south owned slaves Crash Course - Slavery SLAVERY

RESISTANCE  Denmark Vesey  Gullah Jack  Gabriel Prosser  Nat Turner