Building Overseas Empires (imperialism)

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

I. The “New” Imperialism Defined as: One nation dominating another area/region politically, economically, militarily and/or culturally. Different from earlier colonial empires because the dominating nation could rule indirectly. During the 1800s European nations were able to extend their control over Africa, India, the Middle East and most of Asia.

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

II. Motives Economic – Europeans needed new sources of raw materials and new markets to sell goods due to the IR Military/Political – Each European power was trying to stop the expansion of each other's empires (maintain the balance of power) Religious - Spread Christianity and western civilization Ideological - Applying Social Darwinism abroad “The white man’s burden”

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

III. Its Rapid Spread Can be attributed to several factors Weaker, disunified, non-western states Western technological advantages Armored steamships Medicine (quinine) Telegraph Rifles The Maxim Gun (machine guns) A steam-driven British warship, right background, destroys a Chinese junk in a naval battle during the first Opium War

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

Imperialism I. The “New” Imperialism II. Motives III. Its Rapid Spread IV. Forms of Rule

IV. Forms of Rule Direct Rule – having European officials and soldiers administer territories (used more by France) Indirect Rule Protectorate: keep local rulers in place, but the Europeans could influence/control their actions (used more by Britain) Sphere of Influence: A foreign nation controls all trade within a region (economic domination)