Compare Yalta and Potsdam Conferences Identify similarities AND differences.

The Early Cold War Years, 1946-1950 George Kennan, U.S. diplomat living in Soviet Union, wrote The Long Telegram in early 1946 explaining Soviet behavior. The report gave rise to the policy of containment – keeping communism within its present territory through diplomatic, economic, and military actions.

Ways to Contain Military Alliances $$$ Aid to Countries Military Aid to Countries “Play Chess”

Iranian Crisis of 1946 Soviets refuse to withdraw from Iran after War. Demand oil access. U.S. demands Soviet withdrawal. Sends USS Missouri into region. Soviets withdraw. Promised share in oil.

The Truman Doctrine Soviets demand control of Dardanelles Straits with Turkey. Major shipping route. U.S. sends additional warships into region. Truman asks for $400 million to fight Communist aggression in Turkey & Greece. Truman Doctrine: “….aid free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”

The Marshall Plan 1947, George Marshall, proposes the European Recovery Program - American aid to rebuild the economies of all European nations that request it. Soviets & its satellite nations reject offer. The program pumped billions of dollars worth of supplies, machinery, and food into Western Europe. USSR Responds with Council of Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON).

The Early Cold War Years, 1946-1950 Early 1948, U.S., France, & England merge zones of occupied Germany & Berlin. New nation was created – Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) Berlin

The Early Cold War Years, 1946-1950 In response, Soviets cut off West Berlin supply routes June, 1948, U.S. responds with the Berlin Airlift . 11 months of constant cargo flights that dropped over 2 million tons of supplies into Berlin. Stalin lifted the blockade in May, 1949

The Formation of NATO In April, 1949, North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created – a mutual defense alliance. In response to Germany’s allowance to rearm in 1955, Soviets created the Warsaw Pact.

Let’s Play Chess Identify 3 specific events that were an example of “Moves” and “Countermoves” by the US and the USSR. ESSAY PROMPTS: Compare the goals of Stalin’s foreign policy right after WWII with that of President Truman. (13.1) Evaluate the policy of containment (13.2)

Revolution in China Civil War in China leads to Communist Takeover mid-1949. The People’s Republic of China is created. China signs alliance with the Soviet Union in early 1950. Major shift of policy for U.S. – focus on Japan as the key to defend Asia.

The Korean War After WWII, Allies divide Korea at the 38th parallel – Soviets controlled north, Americans the south. Talks to reunify Korea break down – numerous border clashes Soviets provide extensive military build-up June, 1950: North Korean troops invade the south.

The Korean War With UN support, Truman orders Gen. MacArthur to send troops to Korea. MacArthur pushes troops deep into North, close to China border. China launches massive attack, driving UN forces back, south of the parallel. MacArthur demands approval to expand war against China.

The Korean War MacArthur returns home to hero’s welcome. Despite widespread criticism, Truman remains committed to a “limited war” = limited objective, containing communism. By mid-1951, UN forces push communists back across parallel.

The Korean War After 3 years of brutal fighting, the war ends in stalemate, July, 1953. More than 33,600 U.S. soldiers died Approx. 1 million South Koreans die – 85% of them civilians Approx. 1.2 million North Koreans die. Over 80% of Korea’s infrastructure is destroyed.

SAQ Quickfire Identify ONE specific example of Truman responding to an action by Stalin.

SAQ Quickfire Identify ONE specific example of Stalin responding to an action by Truman

SAQ Quickfire Identify ONE specific example of The Containment Policy

SAQ Quickfire Identify ONE OTHER specific example of the Containment Policy.

SAQ Quickfire Identify ONE specific cause of the Korean War

SAQ Quickfire Identify ONE specific result of the Korean War