African Kingdoms

Warm-up Sub- Saharan Africa refers to those countries that are TEKS 1A,C; 6A; 19B; 26C Sub- Saharan Africa refers to those countries that are South of the Sahara Desert In the Sahara Desert North of the Sahara Desert East of the Nile River

Geography Africa is split into 2 parts Saharan Africa 40% of Continent Sub-Saharan Africa 60% of Continent Africa is the 2nd largest continent after Asia Tropical Rainforests make up 5% of Continent Saharan Desert savanna

Sahara Desert

Geography Africa has few harbors or ports Rivers are hard to navigate Farmland and grassland take up 40% of continent. Farming and ranching take up most of the grassland. Rivers are hard to navigate

Copy chart in your notes: NAME OF KINGDOM Location Economy Type of government Important points

Kingdoms of Africa Ghana Located south of the Sahara Desert in West Africa Economy based on trading, mining, farming & cattle ranching Government - Monarchy Important Points City of Timbuktu- Leading center for culture, education and Islam in Africa Controlled the Salt & Gold trade routes between west & north Africa

Kingdoms of Africa Mali Located southeast of Ghana: later grew to include all of Ghana Economy based on trading, mining (Gold & Salt) Government - Monarchy: Mansa Musa (King) Important Points @1300 was the largest empire in the world Center of the spread of Islam in Africa

Kingdoms of Africa Songhai Located east of Mali Economy based on trading, mining Government - Monarchy Important Points Practiced Islam Famous rulers: Sonna Ali & Askia Mohammad

Kingdoms of Africa Cush Located south of Egypt on the Nile River Economy based on trade, agriculture, iron products Government - Monarchy: Capital in Meroe Important Points Ruled Ancient Egypt for several hundred years Developed an alphabet and written language

Kingdoms of Africa Axum Located in Ethiopian Highlands Economy based on trade, Agriculture & ivory products Government - Monarchy: Rulers of Ethiopia claimed to be the descendants of King Solomon Important Points Modern day Ethiopia is located in the same geographic area

Zimbabwe Kingdoms of Africa Located in southeast Africa near Zambezi River Economy based on trade with city-states in the area Government - Monarchy

Kingdoms of Africa Kanem-Bornu Located in central Africa- Modern day Sudan Economy based on trade, farming, cattle ranching and mining Government - Monarchy Had a professional army Important Points Wealth was based on copper mines Practiced Islam as their main religion

Kingdoms of Africa Hausa & Fulani Located in west Africa: Modern day Nigeria Economy based on trade & Ivory Government - City-states ruled by a Sultan Important Points Practiced Islam

Kingdoms of Africa Forest Kingdoms of West Africa: Benin, Dahomey, Kongo, Asante Located in coastal areas of west Africa Economy based on slave trade, Farming and Gold Government - Monarchy Important Points Wealth was based on gold and slave trade

African Trade Routes

Goods Traded from the Sahara desert: Salt, Cloth and metals Goods from south of the Sahara desert: Gold, Ivory, Slaves & Spices

Trade Routes Across the Sahara Desert from southern Africa to North Africa From North to Europe and Asia

Significance: Aided in the rise of the African Empires Spread Islam through West Africa from the Middle East