Who was to blame for The Cold War ? www.historytl.com

Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 Paper One – 2 Hours The Big Picture Part One – 50 mins Section B – The Cold War 1945 -75 Who was to blame for the Cold War? Who won the Cuban Missile Crisis? Why did the USA fail in Vietnam? Part Two 70 mins Depth Study – Causes and Events of the 1st World War 1890 -1918 Why was there increasing tension between the Great Powers, 1890–1914? Why did the First World War break out in 1914? What happened on the Western Front? How important were the other fronts? www.historytl.com

The Cold War Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948? How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTOQUnvI3CA www.historytl.com

Copy down this definition A cold War is a state of political tension and military rivalry between nations that stops short of full-scale war Copy down this definition www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Lesson Objectives To understand the difference between Communism and Capitalism To apply this to causes of the Cold War Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com

Communism - A theoretical economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members. Capitalism - An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately or corporately owned and development is proportionate to the accumulation and reinvestment of profits. www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? V I’m John the Capitalist I’m Alexander the Communist Your challenge Decide who would have said each statement, John or Alexander. Look at the two sets of statements, what are the advantages and disadvantages of John’s life Look at the two sets of statements, what are the advantages and disadvantages of Alexander’s life Whose life is better do you think? Refer to two statements as supporting evidence Why do you think the differences between Capitalism and Communism may have contributed to the start of the Cold War? Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Using page 69 Draw this table in your book. Sort the key facts about each country to match each of the 3 sections (Elections, Industry, Individual Rights) Pick out your top 3 reasons why the 2 countries will be suspicious of each other. USSR USA Elections Industry Individual Rights www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Write a sentence explaining what the difference is between communism and capitalism Now write another sentence explaining why the USA was worried about communism www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Lesson Objectives To understand what changed between Britain, the USA and the USSR after the end of the war To find out why they mistrusted each other Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com

What other questions do I have? What else do I need to know to explain this source? What do I know already that helps explain this source? What can I learn from this source? Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Are you surprised by the source? Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com

What is the message of this Source ? Nature Origin Purpose MESSAGE Own Knowledge (A British Cartoon from 1941 with the caption, “love conquers all”) So are the 3 nations friends or allies ? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? What is the message of Source 2 ? (A British Cartoon from 1941 with the caption, “love conquers all”) So are the 3 nations friends or allies ? Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Lesson Objectives To understand the reasons for the Yalta Conference To learn about the tensions and suspicions that were surfacing at that Conference and the main concerns of the 3 big powers Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com

What is the purpose of this source? A Publicity photo of the three leaders at the Yalta Conference Feb 1945 www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

What is the message of this Source ? Nature Origin Purpose MESSAGE Own Knowledge A Publicity photo of the three leaders at the Yalta Conference Feb 1945 So are the 3 nations friends or allies ? www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? In February 1945 Germany was losing the war; the 3 leaders of Britain, the USA and the USSR met at Yalta to plan what would happen to Europe after Germany was defeated. Conference Yalta Use page 70 to complete a table about the decisions that were taken at this conference. Then decide if there were any tensions over these decisions. www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? The Yalta Conference Decisions about Germany Decisions about the USSR Decisions about Poland Decisions about the UNO Other Decisions www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Eastern Soviet zone After World War 2, America, Britain, France and the Soviet Union could not agree on how to govern Germany. Berlin, also divided into 4 zones but in the centre of the Soviet zone 3 western zones www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War? 20

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? How far do you think the decision to divide Germany would cause problems in the future? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Behind the Scenes at Yalta Use the source packs to complete the sheets about each country. What tensions have you found ? Think back to the photo of the 3 leaders – is it a true representation of their relationship? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Lesson Objectives To understand the disagreements at the Potsdam Conference To learn more about the breakdown in relations www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Watch this clip about the background to the Potsdam conference; what does it reveal about the disagreements between the USA and the USSR ? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpYCplyBknI www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Page 74 Before the Potsdam Conference 3 changes had taken place since Yalta that might affect relations between the USA and the USSR. Use page 74 to find and explain these 3 changes Before the Conference Will it make it easier or more difficult to reach decisions? 1. Stalin`s Armies 2. New President 3. New Weapon www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? At the Conference there were disagreements. Use page 75 to identify what each country wanted. Why could the 2 countries not agree ? What the USA wants What the USSR wants Germany Reparations Soviet Policy www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? MESSAGE Evidence from source Own Knowledge www.historytl.com

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? From page 75 list the places in Europe where Communist governments existed. Listen to Churchill`s speech then explain the message of the cartoon. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvax5VUvjWQ www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? What key events have allowed relations to deteriorate by 1945 ? Look at the list and decide on the order of importance. Difference in ideologies Suspicion of Russian intentions Truman replacing Roosevelt Communist governments in eastern Europe The threat of the atomic bomb Complete the following paragraph – By the end of the Potsdam Conference relations between the USA and the USSR were not good because- www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? MESSAGE Evidence from source Own Knowledge www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Why did the USA-USSR alliance begin to break down in 1945? Are you surprised by this source ? Use the source and your own knowledge to explain your answer A Publicity photo of the three leaders at the Potsdam Conference July 1945 Note the USA has a new leader! www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948? Lesson Objectives To learn about how the USSR had expanded To understand why they had done so To understand why this caused tension with the USA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_1lNxo-Xec&feature=related What does this tell you about the expansion of the USSR ? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948? Use the map and information on page 76 to help answer questions 1 and 2. What, according to Source A was Stalin`s view of the expansion of the USSR ? Source A What is surprising about the fact that the Soviet Union, worried about its future safety, wants governments friendly to it in Finland, Poland and Romania? Stalin, writing in March 1946 www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948? Coalition government after the war Winning elections Imprison /exile /execute opposition Members of Cominform Put the countries in the correct column; countries can go into more than 1 column. East Germany Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania Bulgaria Albania Yugoslavia Greece www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Who was to blame for the Cold War? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How had the USSR gained control of Eastern Europe by 1948? Answer the following questions using Source 24 and page 78 1. Which countries did Stalin not succeed in controlling? Why was this ? 2. How far do you agree with Churchill that Soviet expansion created an “Iron Curtain” ? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

You have 7 minutes remember give three clear reasons Explain why the USA was suspicious of the expansion of the USSR in Eastern Europe in 1948 (6 marks) One reason is Another reason is My final reason is www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

To understand what The Truman Doctrine was How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan Lesson Objectives To understand what The Truman Doctrine was To understand how the Marshall Plan was to work www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? Use pages 78 and 79 Intervention in Greece Why did the USA and Britain intervene in Greece? How did they intervene in Greece? Was this intervention successful? Intervention in Czechoslovakia Did Britain and USA intervene in Czechoslovakia? What was the result for Czechoslovakia? What has the USA learnt from these two examples www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmQD_W8Pcxg The Truman Doctrine What points are being made by Truman in this speech in 1948 ? What is the USA going to do? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Explain what the Truman Doctrine was in a maximum of 25 words How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Yig30zzirU&feature=related Watch this and review what we have learned about the relationship between the USA and the USSR and the Truman Doctrine Explain what the Truman Doctrine was in a maximum of 25 words www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? Use page 79 to research The Marshall Plan Explain why President Truman wanted this plan. Describe what the plan intended to do Explain what persuaded the American Congress to agree to this plan. www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? The Marshal Plan MESSAGE Evidence from source Own Knowledge American cartoon of the Marshall Plan www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

How did the USA react to Soviet expansionism? The Truman Doctrine The Marshall Plan www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

To understand why the USSR blockaded Berlin Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Lesson Objectives To understand why the USSR blockaded Berlin To learn about the creation of NATO www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

watch this clip about the Berlin blockade Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? watch this clip about the Berlin blockade http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqHqsYiUEwY Under the title ‘The Berlin Blockade’ write your own account of what happened. Max 50 words www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Find three reasons why the USSR blockaded Berlin Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? The Berlin Blockade Find three reasons why the USSR blockaded Berlin Explain the response from the USA Was the response successful? Give two reasons why Page 81 www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

What does NATO stand for? Why was NATO formed? Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? What does NATO stand for? Why was NATO formed? Does this increase tension? www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

To begin to apportion blame for the start of the Cold War Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Lesson Objectives To begin to apportion blame for the start of the Cold War To come to a judgement as to who was more responsible www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Sort the statements into three piles. Evidence Russia was to blame Evidence the USA was to blame Other factors Now prioritize the slips Based on this evidence who was most to blame? Copy the top three reasons for each side Write a conclusion based on the evidence www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Watch this clip to revise what we have been learning. Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOvfNjL1CJc&feature=related Watch this clip to revise what we have been learning. Review all your work on this topic Find best evidence that The USA was to blame Find the best evidence that The USSR was to blame and write it down www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

To practise use of sources Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Lesson Objectives To review the topic To practise use of sources www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Remember : Communism / capitalism Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference Personalities of Truman / Stalin Soviet expansion in eastern Europe Idea of Superpowers Reaction of USA – Truman Doctrine & Marshall Plan Berlin Blockade NATO www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Who was to blame for The Cold War Who was to blame for The Cold War ? Add one specific example that helped cause the Cold War for every point in the Flow MAP Potsdam Conference Intervention in Greece Failure in Czechoslovakia USA & USSR allies/friends against Germany Yalta Conference USA trial Bomb Truman becomes President Soviet Expansion in Eastern Europe Churchill refers to an ‘Iron Curtain’ Truman Doctrine Marshal Plan Berlin Blockade Cold War Mark the Events that can be seen as the USSR causing tension in Red Mark the Events that can be seen as the USA causing tension in Blue www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Mark the Events that can be seen as the USSR causing tension in Red Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Add Truman Doctrine Speech Yalta conference Cominform set up Hitler defeated Marshall Plan introduced Atomic Bomb tested Berlin Blockade Truman becomes President NATO set up Potsdam Conference Berlin Blockade lifted Iron Curtain Speech Examples of expansion Examples of Containment 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 Put on the key events between 1945 and 1950 Mark the Events that can be seen as the USSR causing tension in Red Mark the Events that can be seen as the USA causing tension in Blue www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 Put on the key events between 1945 and 1950 Mark the Events that can be seen as the USSR causing tension in Red Mark the Events that can be seen as the USA causing tension in Blue www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

Remember which key term refers to which country Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Examples of Soviet Expansion 1945-50 Examples of Soviet Expansion being contained Poland Greece Romania Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan Czechoslovakia Berlin Airlift Remember which key term refers to which country USA USSR America Russia Capitalist Communist West Europe East Europe Containment Expansion www.historytl.com Who was to blame for the Cold War?

The USA was to blame www.historytl.com

The USSR was to blame www.historytl.com

Both were to blame www.historytl.com

The cold war was inevitable – so no-one was to blame www.historytl.com

Who was more to blame for the start of the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Lesson Objectives To attempt exam questions To peer mark exam questions www.historytl.com