History of the Ancient and Medieval World The Rise of Rome Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 111

Getting Started: Ancient Italy The Glory that Would Be Rome What images come to mind? Page 148-149 of text: What do these wall painting tell us about everyday life? Virgil’s Aeneid tells the story of the Trojan warrior, Aeneas who is destined by the gods to be the founder of Rome. During one scene of the epic, he is shown a pageant of the future history and heroes of the city. This pageant reminds him of the importance of his journey. Coming of Rome (prophesy) Caesar / divine “era of gold” Might – Olympus (Greece) “happy in sons” “houses on high” Paintings show details about clothing, hairstyles and domestic interiors.

See NotesView for Extra-Credit Activity: Due by email Friday: 11/13 Relatively little is known of the 10 centuries of Etruscan Civilization. As with ancient Egypt, much has been learned from tombs. Peruse the Vatican’s collection of Etruscan art and artifacts, What categories of objects do you find? What themes do you notice in the objects’ decoration? From your answers to 1 and 2, chose 1 object that you feel is representative of what you’ve learned of this people. Create a 1-slide PowerPoint showing the image of your chosen object and key descriptors that summarize its importance to a historian. Virtual Tour: Visit the Vatican’s Collection of Etruscan Artifacts and Art. See NotesView for Extra-Credit Activity: Due by email Friday: 11/13

Romulus and Remus: enduring myth of a people and place (Check link)

Early Roman Dates 753 B.C.E Founding of Rome 509 B.C.E. Romans expel last Etruscan king 449 B.C.E. Twelve Tablets erected in Forum 367 B.C.E. Plebeians may be elected consul. 287 B.C.E. Plebian Assembly has full binding power on all Roman people

Beginnings Based on the information provided in your text, notes and summarized in your chart, What were Rome’s early geographical and cultural beginnings? Decency and morality He showed courage, he was willing to disregard what others might think to do what he thought was right. A Proud Son Speaks of his Father What virtues or traits does Horace value in himself? Why is he proud of his father?

Progress Monitoring Transparency 6 of 6

Color Transparency 25: Statue of a Roman Senator The Roman senate was not an elected body. Members came from the patrician class. However, senators were very influential, and the senate was seen as the institution that preserved Roman knowledge and tradition. During the time of the Republic, the senate gradually increased in importance. Roman emperors, however, later overshadowed the importance of the senate. This transparency shows the frieze that appears on the Altar of Peace’s north side. The Ara Pacis was built by Emperor Augustus to honor his victories in Spain and Gaul and to commemorate the peace that Rome then enjoyed. The men in this frieze are wearing the draped toga, a garment that had so much fabric and so many folds that wealthy Romans required help in dressing and arranging them. Only Roman citizens could wear the toga and the color and type indicated the age, profession, and status of the wearer. Based on this the historian knows that these are senators. 5 of 6

Roman Government Based on the information provided in your text and lecture notes; create a picture showing the political organization of the Roman Republic. Be prepared to explain the hierarchy of authority. Do not give details of the career path of Roman officials (infographic) Write a very brief summarizing statement.

Roman Society Based on the information provided in your text, notes and summarized in your chart, Describe the various groups of people who comprised Roman society. What roles did they play?

Military Expansion Based on the information provided in your text, notes and summarized in your chart, What were two reasons for Rome’s expansion across the Italian peninsula. What effect did its success have on Roman government and society? Test Yourself

Key Dates Conquest of Italian Peninsula 340-338 B.C.E Romans put down revolt of Latins Conquest of the Mediterranean 264-146 B.C.E. 3 Wars against Carthage (Punic Wars) 199-146 B.C.E. Rome conquers Greek city-states 133 B.C.E. Rome dominates Mediterranean (Tiberius Gracchus elected Tribune)

Click on image 4 Key Principles A “Just” war (Gods would not give Rome a victory for aggression.) Generosity toward the conquered “Divide and Rule” Tenacity: Once embarked on policy, don’t abandon it.

Color Transparency 26: Hannibal This 16th century painting depicts a battle between Carthage and Rome. During the Renaissance Europeans became interested in their ancient past but note that the soldiers in the foreground are wearing Renaissance clothing. Pick out the combatants: Note that the Roman standard has SPQR (Latin for The Roman Senate and People) As Rome expanded, it came into contact with Carthage, a Phoenician city-state trading empire in North Africa. During the first Punic War in 264 BC Rome gained control of the Mediterranean. During the second war, which began in 218 BC, a Carthaginian general named Hannibal led a vast army including war elephants over the Alps invading Italy. Hannibal won battle after battle yet failed to take Rome, which diverted Hannibal by attacking Carthage. In the third Punic War (149-146) Rome destroyed Carthage gaining complete control over the Med. Basin. 4 of 6

(“Carthage must be destroyed”) Questions to Consider Was Rome drawn into its conflicts or was it aggressive all the time? What connections were there between Roman social values and military activity? Carthago delenda est (“Carthage must be destroyed”) Cato the Elder, Senator 149 B.C.E. What is the Order of the Cincinnati?

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In-Class Activity: Cause and Effect Synthesis: Using your text and lecture notes, answer How did Rome transform itself from Republic to Empire? What is imperialism (definition/geographic) and What policies aided Rome’s expansion? What strains (a) abroad and (b) at home resulted? What efforts emerged to address these problems? How did Julius Caesar embody this transformation? And what lesson can one draw from his assassination? 5. Practice Test Question: Describe 2 positive and 2 negative ways that winning an empire affected Rome.

Roman Dominions: Late Republic

Assignment 1 Read pages 150-151 of text: Identify Etruscans Complete questions 2-3 of Map Skills Answer Checkpoint question Complete Map Assignment Complete Geography Photocopy Assignment

Assignment 2 Read pp 151-154 of text. Define 8 bold, blue terms Complete Notetaking Chart (model at bottom right on pp. 150 if you loose your handout) Young girl with stylus

Assignment 3 Knowledge-based participation check, Sec. 1 Read pp 155-157 of text. Identify 3 vocabulary words in blue Interactive Map Activity including questions, pp 156.

Assignment 4 Read pp 157-159 (top) of text. Be sure to read all sections (biography of Caesar, with question etc.) Notetaking Chart Answer the Comprehension question #4 Section 2 Assessment, pp 160 See NotesView, slide #3 for Extra-Credit Activity: Due by email Friday: 11/13

Enjoy Meet Me in St. Louis! A Plea for Reform According to Tiberius Gracchus, what group is being unfairly treated? What is unfair about their treatment? Assignment 5 Plebians They fight in the wars that are expanding Rome’s territory and enriching the state but they are not allowed to own land. Enjoy Meet Me in St. Louis! 24