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The Rise of Rome 5.1.

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Presentation on theme: "The Rise of Rome 5.1."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Rise of Rome 5.1

2 The Land and Peoples of Italy
Geography Peninsula easy access to the sea safe from pirates easily defended due to hills People Latin Etruscan Greek

3 The Roman Republic Overthrew king and formed republic
Leader is not a king Certain citizens have the right to vote Many years of war Resulted in control of almost all of Italy

4 Roman Confederation Success due to 3 virtues Diplomacy Military
duty courage discipline Diplomacy Military Law and Politics

5 The Roman State Early Rome was divided into 2 groups Patricians
Large landowners Ruling class Could vote Plebeians Smaller landowners farmers Craftspeople merchants

6 Chief executive officers
Two Consuls ran government led army into battle One Praetor Directed civil law (applied to citizens) Second Praetor Law as applied to non-citizens

7 Roman Senate 300 patricians served for life
started as advisory body, but eventually had force of law

8 Conflict between plebeians and patricians
Centuriate Assembly People’s assembly Elected consuls and praetors Passed laws Organized by classes based on wealth Conflict between plebeians and patricians Wealthy ruling class dominated

9 Twelve Tables Law of Nations Rome’s first system of law
natural or universal law

10 Rome Conquers the Mediterranean
First Punic War Rome sent troops to Sicily Second Punic War Hannibal Third Punic War 50 years later Rome took Carthage Conquered Macedonia and Greece

11 From Republic to Empire
5.2

12 Growing Inequality and Unrest and A New Role for the Army
Government controlled by small group of wealthy, powerful families New urban class of landless poor emerged Promises of land

13 The Collapse of the Republic
Civil War Three men emerged victorious Crassus Wealthy Pompey Military commander and hero Julius Caesar Combined power – First Triumvirate Government by 3 people with equal power

14 Senate wanted only Pompey Caesar refused to give up his command
Crassus was killed Senate wanted only Pompey Caesar refused to give up his command Moved to Italy Defeated Pompey Became dictator Absolute ruler Made reforms Assassinated

15 Second Triumvirate End of Civil Wars Age of Augustus begins
Octavian, Antony, Lepidus Octavian and Antony split Rome Antony – Cleopatra Fled to Egypt Committed suicide Octavian prevailed End of Civil Wars Age of Augustus begins

16 Age of Augustus Octavian restored republic Became first Emperor
Title of Augustus – “The revered one” Popular Commander and Chief

17 Early Empire 14-180 A.D. First 4 Emperors were from Augustus’ family
more power and corruption Nero Pax Romana Expansion Prosperity

18 The End

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