ADOLESENT DEVELOPMENT Human Development Human Services Program College of Public and Community Service University of Massachusetts at Boston ©2009 William Holmes

THEORIES OF ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT Freud—resolution of parental dissonance Erikson—formation of adult identity Piaget—use of formal operational thinking Bronfenbrenner—person-environment fit Hill—onset of puberty drives development of sexual characteristics, behavior, and identity.

FREUDIAN THEORY AND ADOLESENCE Id not as controlled by superego Resurgence of Oedipal and Electra conflicts Conflicts defended against by: Repression Denial Compensation Asceticism Intellectualism

ERIKSON IDENTITY THEORY AND ADOLESCENCE Rise of Identity Choices and Identity Crises Possible outcomes of crises: Identity Confusion Identity Foreclosure Identity Moratorium Identity Achievement

PIAGET AND ADOLESENT DEVELOPMENT Development of cognitive ability Conflicts from preoperational thinking: Causation uncertainty Relationship ambiguity Consistency challenges Abstraction and Generalization demands Challenges of formal operational thinking Complex thinking Organized thinking Empirical thinking

PERSON-ENVIRONMENT FIT AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT Activities Temperament Emotions Personality Identity Social demands

BIOSOCIAL CHALLENGES OF ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT Puberty and sexuality Growth and coordination Emotional management Social expectations Detachment-autonomy needs Gender identity resolution