Mr. Williams 10th Grade U.S. History Origins of the Cold War Mr. Williams 10th Grade U.S. History

Causes of the Cold War Soviet Union: Communism, totalitarian, dictatorship U.S.: Capitalism, republic Soviets wanted Britain and America to open a second European front earlier in war U.S. secretly developed atomic bomb

U.S.S.R refused to live up to wartime promises of elections in Eastern Europe U.S. made efforts to resist Soviet Expansion RESULT: 50 years of high tension between U.S. and Soviet Union

“ A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately lighted by Allied victory. Nobody knows what Soviet Russia and its Communist international organization intends to do in the immediate future, or what are the limits, if any, to their expansive…tendencies…an iron curtain has descended across the Continent” –Winston Churchill

Containment George F. Kennan believed that the U.S. should resist Soviet attempts to expand its power and influence wherever those attempts occurred This was not be limited to military force, economic aid was provided to strengthen countries against Soviet Aggression 1.Greece 2. Turkey

“I believe it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting subjugation [forced control] by armed minorities or outside pressures…I believe that our help should be primarily though economic stability and orderly political processes.” –Truman Doctrine

Marshall Plan Purpose: A U.S. financial aid program to rebuild the economies of European countries in order to create stable conditions for democratic governments $13.4 billion in aid to 17 countries including G.B., France, Italy from 1948 to 1951

“Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation, chaos. Its purpose should be the revival of working economy in the world so as to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist.” –George C. Marshall

Blockade of Berlin June 1948, Soviets decided to block any road, railway, or river traffic to West Berlin Cut off food, coal, and other necessities G.B. and U.S. responded with the Berlin Airlift to get them supplies

NATO U.S., G.B., Belgium, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Canada, etc. An armed attack against one of the members was considered an attack against all RESIST COMMUNIST AGGRESSION!!!!!!!!!!!!!!