The Industrial Revolution Begins (1750-1850) Britain Leads the Way Name:______________ Block___ WEX II Chapter 3, Section 2

Britain Leads the Way At the end of this section, I will be able to answer the following questions: Why was Britain the first nation to industrialize? Why were coal and iron important to the industrial age? How did industrialization change the textile industry? Vocabulary: factory, turnpike

Britain Leads the Way Why did Britain lead the industrial revolution? _______________ Resources New ___________ _______________ Conditions Political and Social Conditions

Britain Leads the Way What Natural resources did Britain possesses? Large supplies of _________________ to power the steam engines Plentiful iron to build the new machines

Britain Leads the Way What Human Resources did Britain possesses? A large number of ____________were needed to mine the coal, build the factories, & run the machines The agricultural revolution freed up many people from _______labor to do these jobs Also, there was a population boom

Britain Leads the Way What New Technology did Britain possesses? The ______________ Revolution developed many new uses of technologies in the 1700s Britain had been the center for the Scientific Revolution there were many skilled ___________________ ready to meet the growing demand for new practical inventions

Britain Leads the Way What favorable Economic Condition existed for Britain to invest in industry? Britain was making a great deal of money from it’s overseas _________________ As a result, Britain had ______________ to invest in other enterprises; such as mines, railroads, and factories Also, the population explosion increased consumer ________________ for products

Britain Leads the Way What Political and Social conditions existed in Britain at this time? Britain had a ___________ government that supported economic growth Built a strong navey to protect trade Religious attitudes encouraged __________ and ___________ work

Britain Leads the Way New Technologies were needed Britain had cleared most of it’s trees so Britain switched to _________ for fuel Abraham _____________ of Coalbrookdale discovered that coal gave off impurities that damaged the iron and he discovered a way to remove these impurities from coal As a result, he was able to produce better-quality & cheaper ____________

Britain Leads the Way Darby’s family continued to improve the quality of iron 1799, Abraham _____________ III made the world’s first cast iron bridge More and more uses of iron were discovered This was key to development of the ________________ industry

Britain Leads the Way There were revolutionary Changes in the Textile Industry In the 1600s, cotton cloth was imported from ___________ and became popular in Britain They developed the “putting out system” Distributed raw cotton to ________ __________ These families spun it into ________________ Then they wove it into ___________________ Skilled ____________ finished & dyed the cloth

Britain Leads the Way The “putting out system” became the primary way that cloth was produced The demands for this product was growing, but the system was very ___________ This demand for increased production of cloth led to major advancements & __________________

Britain Leads the Way What were the major inventions? John Kay’s _______ _____________greatly increased the speed of cloth manufacture James Hargreaves’ _______ __________ could spin many threads at the same time Richard Arkwright’s ___________________ used water power to speed up spinning even more

Britain Leads the Way What were the first factories like? These large & expensive machines were housed in long ________________ At first, they were located next to _________________ so the stream could power the machinery Later machines were powered by _________________ _______________

Britain Leads the Way What happened next? Workers came to these long sheds to work These sheds became known as “________” These “factories” brought together workers and machines to produce large quantities of goods. This was the beginning of high production manufacturing

Britain Leads the Way Productive factories, now what? There is a need for rapid _______________ of raw and finished materials In the 1700s, individuals made improvements in local transportation systems Some capitalists invested improving the roads by creating _______________ Turnpikes are privately build roads that charged a fee to travelers who used them

Britain Leads the Way Some people used waterways for transportation Some people dug ___________ to link rivers or connect inland towns to costal ports Engineers built stronger ____________ and upgraded harbors to help the rapidly expanding ______________ trade

Britain Leads the Way What land transportation invention changed the world forever? The steam locomotive made it possible to construct ___________________ Early 1800s, George __________________ developed the steam-powered locomotive 1830, First railroad Liverpool to Manchester 1870, railroads crisscrossed in Britain, Europe, & eastern North America

Britain Leads the Way Steam power was added to ships Scottish builders made the first paddle wheel ________________ to pull barges along canals 1807, Robert Fulton used Watt’s steam engine to power the __________ up the Hudson River Steamships for ocean travel was more complicated Coal took up most of the cargo space By 1800s, iron hull ships could carry 10x-20x more

Britain Leads the Way The Industrial Revolution started a chain reaction Increasing _______________ led to Inventing machines that could ______ more Supplies of goods ________________ Prices ________________ This created even more ________________

Britain Leads the Way Okay, let’s see if you get it… What is a factory? A factory is a place where workers and machines are brought together to produce large quantities of goods What is a turnpike? Privately built roads that charge a fee to travel on

Britain Leads the Way Checkpoint Why was Britain the first nation to industrialize? Natural Resources Human Resources New Technology Economic Conditions Political and Social Conditions

Britain Leads the Way Checkpoint Why were coal and iron important to the industrial age? Coal & iron provided the power source and machines that made the industrial revolution possible.

Britain Leads the Way Checkpoint How did industrialization change the textile industry? Industrialization made textiles more available at a much lower price and changed the way people worked