Industrial Revolution WHII: SOL 9a Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution Originated in England because of its natural resources (e.g., coal, iron ore) and the invention and improvement of the steam engine Spread to Europe and the United States Role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries

Industrial Revolution Relationship to the British Enclosure Movement The Enclosure Movement was a push in the 18th and 19th centuries to take land that had formerly been owned in common by all members of a village, or at least available to the public for grazing animals and growing food, and change it to privately owned land, usually with walls, fences or hedges around it. With the Industrial Revolution came an increased demand for raw materials from the Americas, Asia, and Africa

Industrial Revolution Rising economic powers that wanted to control raw materials and markets throughout the world Rise of the factory system and demise of cottage industries

Technological advances that produced the Industrial Revolution Spinning jenny: James Hargreaves Steam engine: James Watt Cotton gin: Eli Whitney Process for making steel: Henry Bessemer

Spinning Jenny

Steam Engine

Cotton Gin

Process for Steel

Process for Steel

Advancements in science and medicine Development of smallpox vaccination: Edward Jenner Discovery of bacteria: Louis Pasteur

Smallpox Vaccine

Bacteria

Impacts of the Industrial Revolution on industrialized countries Population increase Increased standards of living for many but not all Improved transportation Urbanization Environmental pollution Increased education Dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions Growth of the middle class