Organizing and Outlining Your Presentation Chapter 12 Organizing and Outlining Your Presentation Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Organizing Your Main Idea Select and narrow topic Determine your purpose: to entertain, to inform, to inspire, to persuade? Develop your central idea: The central idea is the central, unifying element of the story, which ties together all of the other elements = described as the dominant impression or the universal, generic truth found in the story. Generate main ideas: A main idea is important information that tells more about the overall idea of a paragraph or section of a text. Gather supporting materials: supporting materials for each idea. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Topical Organization Informative Speech Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Challenge Question Which of the following topics would be best organized according to a topical organizational pattern? The Apollo Space Program How to bake banana bread The path of Hurricane Katrina’s Destruction Alternative energy options Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Answer Which of the following topics would be best organized according to a topical organizational pattern? The Apollo Space Program How to bake banana bread The path of Hurricane Katrina’s Destruction Alternative energy options Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Topical Organization From least important to most important From weakest to strongest Recency From most important to least important From strongest to weakest Primacy From simple to more complex Complexity Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Challenge Question What is the strategy used by a speaker who organizes supporting material so that the most important material is presented last? Complexity Primacy Chronology Recency Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Answer What is the strategy used by a speaker who organizes supporting material so that the most important material is presented last? Complexity Primacy Chronology Recency Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Chronological Organization Organization by time or sequence The history of women in higher education Steps to bake a cake Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Spatial Organization Organization by location, position or direction Molecular structure Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Cause-and-Effect Organization Cause-effect Effect-cause Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Problem-and-Solution Organization Identify problem Explore solutions Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Challenge Question Alexia is giving a presentation utilizing a problem-solution organizational pattern. What would Alexia’s general purpose be? To persuade To inform To entertain To coerce Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Answer Alexia is giving a presentation utilizing a problem-solution organizational pattern. What would Alexia’s general purpose be? To persuade To inform To entertain To coerce Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Organizational Patterns by Culture Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Organizing Your Support Material Organization by sequence Chronology Most important material last Recency Most convincing or least controversial material first Primacy From simple to more complex Complexity From specific to general Specificity From hypothetical to facts and statistics “Soft “ to “hard evidence Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Organizing your Presentation for The Ears of Others? Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Organizing Your Presentation: Signposts Verbal or Nonverbal signal Stop! Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Previews Preview A statement of what is to come Initial preview First statement of the main ideas Internal preview A preview within the speech Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Verbal and Nonverbal Transitions Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Summaries Summary Internal summary Final summary Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Introductions Get the audience’s attention Relate a personal narrative Ask a rhetorical question Use a startling fact or statistic Quote an expert or literary text Tell a humorous story Refer to historical or recent event Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Introductions Introduce the topic Motivate Establish your credibility State your central idea Preview your main idea Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Conclusions Summarize your presentation Reemphasize your central idea Motivate your audience to respond Provide closure Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Preparation Outline First main idea A. First subdivision I B. Second subdivision II 1. First subdivision of B 2. First subdivision of B a. First subdivision of 2 b. Second subdivision of 2 II. Second main idea Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Speaking Notes Include supporting material Signposts Delivery cues Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc

Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Sample Speaking Notes Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc