1. Organizing Body Identify main points and subpoints From brainstorming
From research

2. Organizing Body Choose best organizational pattern
For informative presentations:
Chronological
Spatial
Topical
Cause-effect

3. Organizing Body Choose best organizational pattern
For persuasive presentations:
Problem-solution
Criteria satisfaction
Comparative advantages
Motivated sequence

4. Organizing Body Choose best organizational pattern
Motivated sequence steps
Attention
Need
Satisfaction
Visualization
Action

5. Organizing Body Rules for Main Points Stated as claims Develop thesis
Use 2 to 5
State in parallel structure
Contain one idea

6. Planning Introduction & Conclusion
Functions of Introduction
Capture listeners’ attention
Give audience reason to listen
Set tone for topic and setting
Establish qualifications
Introduce thesis and preview presentation

7. Planning Introduction & Conclusion
Types of Opening Statements
Ask question
Rhetorical
Overt response
Tell story
Present quotation
Make startling statement

8. Planning Introduction & Conclusion
Types of Opening Statements
Refer to audience
Refer to occasion
Use humor
Appropriate to topic
Appropriate to occasion
Appropriate for audience

9. Planning Introduction & Conclusion
Functions of Conclusion
Review
Review thesis
Summarize main points
Closing statement
Create favorable impression
Give sense of completion

10. Planning Introduction & Conclusion
Types of Closing Statements
Use techniques used for gaining attention
Return to theme of opening statement
Appeal for action
End with challenge

11. Adding Transitions Functions of Transitions Promote clarity
Emphasize important ideas
Keep listeners interested

12. Adding Transitions Characteristics of Effective Transitions
Refer to preceding and upcoming ideas
Bridge between points
Call attention to themselves