The Union vs The Confederacy

1. In the last unit we learned about causes leading to the Civil War. 2. We learned about how the North and the South of the United States split over ideas. 3. The Industrial Revolution and the 3/5 Compromise taught us about a major rift between the two regions of the United States. 4. The final fuse to light the Civil War was the inauguration of President Abraham Lincoln.

1. Lincoln was the 16 th President of the United States. 2. He was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky. 3. Prior to his presidency, he had a successful career as a lawyer and politician in Illinois. However, no one ever thought he would become President of the U.S. due to his lack of experience and other missing qualities. 4. He did not agree with slavery.

1. Once Lincoln was elected, the South knew their way of living was going to be challenged. 2. The South decided it was time to act by seceding from the United States. 3. This meant that they would separate and create their own nation. 4. South Carolina was the first to secede in December of 1860 followed by 10 more southern states. 5. The South formed the Confederate States of America or the CSA.

 United States of America (Union)  Confederate States of America  Border States

1. Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri were all border states. 2. Border states were states that had slaves but had not seceded to join the Confederacy. 3. These states staying loyal to the United States of America, or the Union, would play a key role in the outcome of this war by securing victory for the Union.

1. The Union’s Capital was, and still is, Washington D.C. 2. The Confederacy’s Capital was Richmond, Virginia. 3. These two cities are a mere 100 miles apart. 4. The goal of both the North and the South was to capture the opposing capital if possible.

1. The Union’s President, as we talked about, was Abraham Lincoln. 2. The Confederacy's President was Jefferson Davis. Lincoln Davis

1. Jefferson Davis was born 8 months before Lincoln and less than 100 miles away from where Lincoln was born in Kentucky. 2. Jefferson Davis ended up living in Mississippi and was very active in politics. 3. He served as a Senator when Mississippi seceded from the Union. He was very heartbroken over how things played out as he was forced to return to the South. 4. He was elected to become the Confederacy’s first President shortly after that.

1. The Confederacy formed their own separate nation and did not want any part of the United States in their territory. 2. The United States owned a fort inside of South Carolina at the time called Fort Sumter. 3. The Confederates wanted the Union out of Fort Sumter.

1. The Confederacy demanded that the Union surrender at Fort Sumter. 2. The commander in charge of Fort Sumter refused. 3. The Confederates then fired the first shots on Fort Sumter thus officially starting the Civil War. 4. No one was killed during the fight but the Union did eventually surrender.

1. From 1861 to 1865, the Civil War would take 620,000 Americans from both the Union and Confederacy. Brothers and countrymen would fight one another ,000 African Americans, free or runaway slaves, fought in the Civil War. 3. Click the link for more statistics: tles-of-the-civil-war.png tles-of-the-civil-war.png

1. After many battles and hundreds of thousands of men killed, the Union was victorious. 2. The war officially ended on April 9, 1865 when the Confederacy surrendered to the Union at Appomattox Court House in Virginia.

1. The Union won the war for the following reasons: a)More manpower b)Better industry c)Emancipation Proclamation

1. The Union had a total population of about 22 million people. 2. The Confederacy only had about 9 million people. 3. The more people available means more soldiers which means the war can be won. 4. The Union had 2,128,948 soldiers whereas the Confederacy had half of that with 1,082,119 soldiers.

1. The Union had a much better infrastructure than the Confederacy. 2. The Union had more railroads, more iron/steel production, more wealth, and more factories. 3. The Union’s infrastructure allowed for the North to outlast the South’s military and economy.

1. Emancipation Proclamation was an order issued by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863 to declare all slaves free in the South. 2. This helped secure victory for the Union because British had been thinking about supporting the Confederacy. With this proclamation, the British did not want to be seen as pro-slavery. 3. This also gave the north a morale boost as they had more purpose to fight.

1. We learned the war ended on April 9, 1965 with a Union victory. 2. However, the victory was short lived when President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated while visiting a play at the local theater. 3. The shooter was John Wilkes Booth. He thought he was avenging the South by killing Lincoln.

1. Booth was very mistaken when he killed Lincoln. He thought it would benefit the South but it did the complete opposite. 2. Lincoln had every intention of helping the South rebuild without severe punishments. 3. We’ll take a further look at this after the PowerPoint is finished. Lincoln in a casket after his assassination

1. After the Civil War was over and Lincoln was assassinated, the Reconstruction Era began. 2. This was an era where the United States would help rebuild the South and “bind up the nation’s wounds” which is what Lincoln wanted. 3. However, Reconstruction had many difficulties that we will learn about in the next unit.

1. The Civil War changed many things in America but 3 major observations can be made. a)The idea of democracy works. People can govern themselves without Kings and Queens and successfully work through difficult times. b)America was no longer North vs. South in way of life. After the Civil War, America was one united nation. c)Slavery was over. African Americans now were declared equal to every other American. Although many instances of racism would still happen back then, and even today, African American’s chains were released from slavery.