1. Chapter 6.3 The Union Dissolves
American History
Chapter 6.3
The Union Dissolves

2. Election of 1860 Democrats Republicans
The Northern Democrats supported Stephen Douglas and popular sovereignty.
The Southern Democrats nominated Breckinridge.
Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln.
He won NO Southern states, but he still won the election.
Result?
South Carolina seceded from the Union.
Six other states in the Lower South followed.
Whigs
Whigs started a new party and chose their own candidate.

3. Secession*
Many Southerners thought secession was like the American Revolution –they had to stand up for their rights.
* To withdraw or pull out

4. Confederacy AKA The Confederate States of America
Lincoln was elected in November.
7 states in the Lower South seceded in February.

5. Jefferson Davis
President
of the Confederacy

6. Fort Sumter 1st Battle of the Civil War
A U.S. base in Charleston, South Carolina
CSA bombarded for 33 hours until the U.S. commander gave up.
Confederates demanded that the U.S. surrender the fort to the Confederacy.
Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers.
1st Battle of the Civil War
Result: 4 more states (Upper South) seceded.

7. Richmond, Virginia
Capital of the Confederate States of America

8. Lincoln’s Dilemma* Hanging on to the Border States
The Lower South had committed acts of treason by firing at Fort Sumter and seceding from the Union . . .
BUT if he sent troops, he would anger the Border States –they had slaves but had not seceded.
*caught between 2 sides

9. The Border States’ Dilemma*
Many people in the Upper South really didn’t want to secede . . .
BUT they also didn’t want to fight other Southern states
SO more did secede after Fort Sumter
*a problem: caught between 2 sides

10. Lincoln’s Dilemma (cont.)
IF Maryland (a slave state) joined the Confederacy, the capital of the Union would be surrounded by the South.
 Washington, D.C.

11. Martial Law*
After angry mobs in Maryland attacked federal troops, Lincoln imposed . . .
Military rule
Maryland stayed in the Union.

12. The Border States Missouri Kentucky Maryland Delaware and West Virgina
They remained in the Union, but they still had slaves.