Ch. 16 Review

Declaration of Sentiments Petition of grievances written by the women at the Seneca Falls Convention in New York. It is written exactly as the Declaration of Independence, with minor changes in wording. The document pushed the equality of men and women, also for the inclusion of women in the political process, and rights to their own property and wages. The main signers were Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Frederick Douglass. Civil Disobedience Essay written by Henry David Thoreau, in which he outlines his beliefs in passive [peaceful] resistance of unjust laws passed by the governments of the United States. The document outlines a peaceful and non-violent form of protest. His example was not paying taxes to a government that supported and funded the war with Mexico and the institution of slavery; he was eventually jailed for this action.

John James Audubon A member of the Hudson River School. He was a naturalist specializing in painting the birds of America. He practiced his hobby of drawing birds as he floated down the Mississippi River. Through his observation of birds and nature, he became a conservationist. He illustrated a collection of 435 life size prints of America birds. Today, the Audubon Society continues his spirit of protecting birds and their habitats. Henry David Thoreau Heavily influenced by Ralph Waldo Emerson, he was a transcendentalist author who wrote many books and poems. His most famous book is called Walden. In this book he set forth his ideas about how an individual should live to be attuned to his own nature as well as to nature itself. He is known for his civil disobedience when he was jailed for not paying taxes to support the Mexican War. Thoreau’s most famous essay was Civil Disobedience published in 1849, in which he called for passive resistance to unjust laws.

Frederick Douglass A leader of the abolitionist movement in the decades prior to the Civil War. He was born a slave in Maryland and eventually escaped to the North. He founded an antislavery newspaper called the North Star, which he published for 13 years. He participated in the first women’s rights convention at Seneca Falls in 1848 and wrote three autobiographies. He also served as an advisor to President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and helped recruit African Americans into the Union army. After the war, he held several public offices and campaigned for full civil rights for African Americans and women’s suffrage. Elizabeth Cady Stanton A leader in the women’s rights movement. Unlike most women of her era, she was formally educated. She planned and organized the first women’s rights movement in the United States, called the Seneca Falls Convention for Women’s Rights in Seneca Falls, New York and wrote the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions which was modeled after the Declaration of Independence. She is regarded as one of the true major forces in the drive towards equal rights for women in the United States.

96. Reform movements like : Public______ education promotes knowledge and skills that open the doors to opportunity. “Education, then, beyond all other devices of human origin, is the great equalizer of the conditions of men…” Horace Mann, 1848 Public Education Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

97. Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized the Seneca Falls Convention, creating the Women’s Rights Movement in the United States. Women join the abolitionist Movement. Women are prevented from Speaking publicly at Abolitionist meetings. ? Ain’t I a woman? Sojourner Truth Women’s Rights Movement Women’s Rights Movement Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

98. The Temperance Movement was a campaign against the sale or drinking of alcohol. Temperance Movement Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

99. An _____________was a person who wanted to end slavery in the United States. - _________to get rid of. Harriet Tubman helped over 300 slaves to freedom in the North through the Underground Railroad. William Lloyd Garrison Outspoken white abolitionist Founded The Liberator, an anti-slavery magazine, in Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction Abolish abolitionist

102. Frederick Douglass was a former slave who became a well-known abolitionist in the country. “The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common….This Fourth of July is yours not mine. You may rejoice, I must mourn.” - Frederick Douglass, speaking at a 4th of July celebration in 1852 Frederick Douglass Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction

103. Uncle Tom’s Cabin, an Anti-slavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, created widespread abolitionist support among Northerners. If you don’t own a copy of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, you can git one at the Stowe! Get it? Tee-hee! Uncle Tom’s Cabin Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction