Analyze a primary source document. - Identify the causes of American involvement in World War I World War IWorld War I Analyze a primary source document. - Identify the causes of American involvement in World War I World War IWorld War I

PEEK OT TERCES A EVAH I

Zimmerman Note Zimmerman Note

Origins of World War I Imperial Rivalry over Colonies (Nationalism) Imperial Rivalry over Colonies (Nationalism) Economic Rivalries over trade Economic Rivalries over trade Increasing Militarism (Arms Race) Increasing Militarism (Arms Race) Diplomatic/International tensions Diplomatic/International tensions Alliance System Alliance System Central Powers – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Central Powers – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Bulgaria… Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Bulgaria… Allied Powers – Great Britain, France, Russia, Allied Powers – Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Japan Italy, Japan

Europe and the Alliance System

Origins of World War I Growing Nationalism Imperial Rivalry over Colonies Increasing Militarism (Arms Race) Alliance System C Central Powers – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Bulgaria… A Allied Powers – Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Japan Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand by Serbian nationalist Gavrillo Princip in Bosnia (Balkans) was the “spark” that ignited the war!

Gavrillo Princip Archduke Ferdinand moments before the Assassination 6/28/14 World War I

Next Step After the Assassination to War Germany supports Austria-Hungary, so A-H declares war on Serbia. Russia mobilized for war against A-H to support Serbia (their Slavic neighbors). Germany then declares war on Russia and their ally France.

Early Action in the War Germany attacks neutral Belgium to get at France before Russia can mobilize, so Britain now declares war on Germany. War spreads to European colonies in Africa, Middle East and Asia. The war quickly becomes a “stalemate” as a result of “Trench Warfare”.

Trench Warfare led to a stalemate.

Factors Contributing to American Support of the Allies American Attitude American Attitude Wilson declared “Neutrality”, however cultural and economic Wilson declared “Neutrality”, however cultural and economic ties bind the U.S. to the Allied Powers. ties bind the U.S. to the Allied Powers. Economy of the War Economy of the War Secretary of Treasury McAdoo persuaded Wilson to allow Secretary of Treasury McAdoo persuaded Wilson to allow U.S. banks to make loans to the Allies. U.S. banks to make loans to the Allies. Issue of Britain Blockading German Ports vs. German Submarine Warfare on the open seas: Issue of Britain Blockading German Ports vs. German Submarine Warfare on the open seas: Although this violated the “The Declaration of London” (1909), more were upset at the Germans use of submarine warfare. Although this violated the “The Declaration of London” (1909), more were upset at the Germans use of submarine warfare. Sinking of the Lusitania – 5/1915 Sinking of the Lusitania – 5/1915 Sinking of the Sussex – 4/1916 Sinking of the Sussex – 4/1916

World War I German U-boat (submarine)

The Lusitania

Factors Contributing to American Support of the Allies Britain Blockaded German Ports vs. Submarine Warfare? Britain Blockaded German Ports vs. Submarine Warfare? Although this violated the “The Declaration of London” (1909), more were upset at the Germans use of submarine warfare. Although this violated the “The Declaration of London” (1909), more were upset at the Germans use of submarine warfare. Sinking of the Lusitania – 5/1915 Sinking of the Lusitania – 5/1915 Sinking of the Sussex – 4/1916 Sinking of the Sussex – 4/1916 Group of Republicans led by TR favored a policy of Group of Republicans led by TR favored a policy of “Preparedness” “Preparedness” The Election of 1916 The Election of 1916 Republican Charles Evans Hughes Republican Charles Evans Hughes Democrat Woodrow Wilson wins on slogan “He Kept Us Out Of War!” and pushes “self-determination” of nations…. but is unable to keep the peace, allows for “armed neutrality”. Democrat Woodrow Wilson wins on slogan “He Kept Us Out Of War!” and pushes “self-determination” of nations…. but is unable to keep the peace, allows for “armed neutrality”. The Zimmerman Note - 3/1917 The Zimmerman Note - 3/1917

President Wilson’s War Declaration – April 6, 1917

“No Man’s Land”