1. The Glorious Revolution England in Conflict During The 17 th Century

2. Background Info. Divine Right of Kings – After the Renaissance, many European kings began to abuse their Divine Right. They believed that God had chosen them to be king; therefore, they only answered to God, not their people. (Louis XIV, Fr.) Ruling Families - 1485-1603 Tudors (King Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth). Supported Anglican Church. 1603-1649 Stuarts (James I, Charles I) were Scottish and cousins of Qu. Eliz. (no heirs). Calvinist.

3. Conflict Begins Queen Elizabeth died in 1603. She had supported her father’s (Henry VIII) Anglican church. She had no heirs. Rule was turned over to James I, her cousin of the Stuart family Stuarts were Scottish and Calvinist. They wanted to rule w/o Parliament using Divine Right. James’ son Charles I wanted to tax w/o consent of Parliament. Religious issues also. 11 years of Tyranny. Charles ruled 1629-1640

4. Civil War Begins 1642 - Royalists or Cavaliers supported King. Roundheads ( due to haircuts ) supported Parliament. Oliver Cromwell led Roundheads to victory. They executed Charles I. A smaller “Rump Parliament” led a Commonwealth ran by Cromwell and Puritans. Cromwell died 1658. Stuarts regain throne w/ James II. He was Catholic. Religious and political problems recur ‘til 1688.

5. The Glorious Revolution English nobility invited to England William of Orange ( Dutch Leader), who was married to James’ protestant daughter Mary. They raised an army w/o opposition. James II and family fled to France. With almost no bloodshed, England had a “Glorious Revolution” Parliament offered the throne to Wm. & Mary b/c they accepted the Bill of Rights in 1689. Tolerated all religions.

6. Effects of Glorious Revolution Divine Right theory was gone b/c Parliament had chosen the king, not the Grace of God. Parliament is now a distinct part of government, a Constitutional Monarchy.