1. Human Sexuality, Reproduction, and STDs
UNIT 6
Human Sexuality, Reproduction, and STDs

2. Reproductive Health Males Females
Maintaining good reproductive health is important for your total health!
Ways you can maintain good reproductive health:
Males
Prevent Jock Itch –shower after workouts, wear loose underwear (boxers)
Prevent Hernias – be careful when heavy lifting, lift from your knees, not your waist. (A hernia is when an intestine or organ protrudes through the lower part of the abdomen)
Females
Prevent Vaginal Irritation – shower after workouts, wear cotton underwear
Know Your Period – make note of when it starts each month and if your bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual.
Both
Prevent STDs – practice safe sex, use latex condoms, or abstain from sex.

3. Detecting Testicular Cancer
Most common cancer between males ages 15 to 35.
Perform self examinations once a month.
Perform during a warm bath by holding each testicle between the thumbs and fingers and roll gently feeling for lumps.
Contact doctor if there are any troublesome signs.

4. Detecting Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is leading cause of cancer death in women ages 20 to 59.
Self examinations include looking for changes in skin texture, discharge from the nipple, visual lumps and abnormal fullness or puckering
With fingertips close together, gently probe breast to feel for lumps
A clinical breast exam should be part of a periodic health exam. Women in their 20s and 30s should schedule such checkups about once every three years, and women 40 and older should get such an exam every year.
Women should know how their breasts normally feel and report any breast changes promptly to their health care providers. Breast self-exam is an option for women starting in their 20s.

5. Male Reproductive System
Produces sperm to deliver to the female reproductive system
SPERM: sex cells that are produced by the male reproductive system called the testes, and are needed to fertilize an egg
FERTILIZATION: process by which a sperm and egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life

6. Male Reproductive System
Made of internal and external organs
TESTES: makes sperm and testosterone (sex hormone, also causes facial hair, body odor and voice to deepen)
Produce several hundred million sperm each day
SCROTUM: skin covered sac that hangs from the body to keep sperm cooler since they can not properly develop at higher temperatures of inner body

7. Male Reproductive System
PENIS: removes urine and delivers sperm to female R.S.; during sexual activity blood vessels fill and cause it to become erect
SEMEN: released from epididymis during ejaculation when sperm and other secretions are released from the penis

9. Female Reproductive System
Function of female reproductive system is to make eggs and to provide a place to support and nourish a developing human
Internal and external organs
Breasts are not directly involved in producing human life but are considered secondary reproductive organs because they produce milk for the child

10. Female Reproductive System
EGGS or OVA: sex cells that are produced by female reproductive system called the ovaries
FERTILIZATION: process by which a sperm and egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life
FALLOPIAN TUBES: Female reproductive organ that transports an egg to the uterus; sperm fertilizes the egg here

11. Female Reproductive System
VAGINA: connects outside of body to the uterus and receives the sperm during reproduction; allows menstrual flow to exit body; also the birth canal through which baby is delivered
OVARIES: produces egg and estrogen and progesterone. Eggs are there when the female is born.
ESTROGEN: hormone that causes pubic and underarm hair growth, strengthens bones, regulate monthly release of an egg and prepare body for pregnancy

12. Female Reproductive System
UTERUS: A muscular cavity located at the top of the vagina and between the bladder and rectum; a place to support a developing human
ENDOMETRIUM: thin lining in the uterus; shed monthly in response to the hormonal changes of the menstrual period

14. What do you consider as sex?
Intercourse
Vaginal
Anal
Oral—still not considered “safe” because it is associated with the same diseases as vaginal or anal sex
Foreplay
Anal/Oral will protect
you from getting
pregnant, but that is it! 14

15. What can happen if you have sex?
Pregnancy
Emotional Issues
STD’s 15

16. STD’s
STD’s: Infections transmitted mainly through sexual interactions; can be curable (bacteria) or incurable (virus)
It is possible to have more than 1 STD at a time.
- Chlamydia: (bacterial) most common STD in United States, infects reproductive organs and causes a mucous discharge.
- Gonorrhea: (bacterial) infects mucous membranes.
- Genital Warts/HPV: (virus) can cause cervical cancer in females
- Herpes: (virus) HSV-1 causes cold sores and blisters around mouth, HSV-2 causes genital warts/sores.
- HIV/AIDS: (virus) HIV affects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS. There is no cure for AIDS. Common viruses can be fatal for those who have it.
- Syphilis: (bacterial) causes ulcers or chancres and can be spread through the blood, damaging the nervous system and other organs.
- Crabs/pubic lice: (bacterial/virus)lice crawl on the skin and lay eggs in pubic hairs.
- Hepatitis: (virus) is an inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C can be sexually transmitted and are both life threatening forms.

17. Bacterial Disease vs. Virus
Bacterial diseases such as Gonorrhea and Chlamydia can be easily treated using antibiotic and are curable. However, they can be re-acquired.
Viruses (AIDS & Herpes) may be treated but can not be cured! They will stay with you the rest of your life!

18. Symptoms of somebody who has an STD…
NONE
Painful Urination
Warts
Abdominal Pains
Rash
Genital/Oral/Anal Ulcers
Foul Smelling Discharge
Fever and nausea
You can’t tell if somebody has an STD based on the way they look. They may look completely normal. 18

19. Gonorrhea Syphilis
Herpes Pubic Lice 19

20. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
HIV is virus that causes AIDS
People with HIV usually develop AIDS within first 10 years of getting HIV
There is NO cure, only treatment to slow HIV down.
Transmitted 3 Ways…
Sexual Activity
Needles
Infected mothers giving birth 20

21. You Cannot get AIDS from…
Hugging
Kissing
Shaking Hands
Toilet Seats
Coughing
Sneezing
Drinking fountains
Mosquitoes 21

22. Abstinence
Abstinence- the decision to not have oral, anal, or vaginal sex
It is the only way to 100% effective method in preventing HIV, STD’s, and pregnancy 22

23. The surest way to avoid transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is to abstain from sexual intercourse, or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and is known to be uninfected.
Latex condoms, when used consistently and correctly, can reduce the risk of transmission of STDs and pregnancy.