1. ARCHITECTURE AND FUNCTIONAL PLANNING

2. FLOOR PLAN CONSIDERATIONS
Three main areas of homes
Traffic circulation
Individual room design
Living Room
Dining Room
Kitchen
Bathroom
Bedroom
Utility Room
Storage
Garage
Hallways/Stairs
Doors/Windows

3. HOUSE ZONES Living Area Sleeping Area/Bathroom Facilities Service Area
Relaxing
Entertaining
Dining
Sleeping Area/Bathroom Facilities
Sleeping
Resting
Bathing
Service Area
Preparing of food
Washing clothes
Storing goods
Parking car (garage)
Storing of equipment
Hobby space/home maintenance work

4. LIVING AREA 1/3 of house “Noisier” area of home Rooms
Entrance/Foyer
Living room
Should be close to entry
Should not be used as a passageway to other rooms
Dining room
Adjacent to kitchen (service area)
Not the only entrance to kitchen (service area)
Family room
Depending on use can be located near living or sleeping area
Recreation room
Den/Office
Rooms in living area should be located near each other

5. SLEEPING AREA 1/3 of house Quiet area of house Rooms in Sleeping Area
Bedrooms
Bathrooms
At least one in bedroom wing of house
Nurseries
South/southwest orientation preferably
Sleeping area should be located separate from living area

6. SERVICE AREA Supplements living/sleeping areas Rooms in Service Area
Kitchen
Should be near front door
Should be close to utility rooms
Should be near garage and backyard
Should be adjacent to dining room
Utility room
Laundry/Storage
Basement
Workshop
Equipment/Machine storage
Garage

7. TRAFFIC CIRCULATION All routes as short and direct as possible
Room (in any area) to room (in any area)
Area to area
Front and Rear Entrance to all rooms/areas/stairs
Rooms not used as hallways
All three zones separate but properly related
Avoid wasted space

8. TRAFFIC PATTERN EXAMPLES

9. LIVING ROOM DESIGN Used for a multitude of purposes
Entertaining
Entertainment
Recreation
Socializing
Usage determines design
Layout
Furniture
Sizes
Placement

10. LIVING ROOM SPECS Should be in central location Located near?
On grade level
Rectangular easier to furnish than square
But not too long and skinny
Door and window locations important factors
Furniture
What is the living room used for?
Location (doors/windows)
2’ apart for movement
6’ apart max for conversation

11. LIVING ROOM DIMENSIONS
Minimum room dimension: 11’
1 or 2 bedroom home – 175 sq. ft.
3 bedroom home – 200 sq. ft.
4 bedroom home – 240 sq. ft.

12. LIVING ROOM DESIGNS: PLANS
OPEN PLAN

13. LIVING ROOM DESIGN: PLANS
CLOSED PLAN

14. DINING ROOM DESIGN Considerations
Type of furniture needed (table, chairs, hutch, etc.)
Located where?
Exit to patio?
2’ minimum between back of chair wall/furniture
27” from center of chair to center of chair
Provide a way for it to be separated from kitchen
Lighting
Storage
Design for a family that may have guests
Choose appropriately sized furniture (see above bullet)

15. DINING ROOM DIMENSIONS
1 or 2 bedroom house: 120 square feet
3 bedroom house: 180 square feet
4 bedroom house: 250 square feet
Minimum Wall Length: 9’

16. KITCHEN DESIGN Open space: contemporary, grand, spatial
Traditional: efficient, warm, homey

17. KITCHEN DESIGN: THREE CENTERS
Food storage center
Refrigerator
Cabinets for food
Cooking center
Range and oven
Countertop space
Storage for minor appliances
Preparation and cleanup center
Sink
Dishwasher
Garbage disposal
Storage for cleaning supplies

18. KITCHEN DESIGN LAYOUTS
STRAIGHT KITCHEN
L SHAPED
PENINSULA
GALLEY KITCHEN
U SHAPED
ISLAND

19. KITCHEN DESIGN: WORK TRIANGLE
Highlighted by red triangle
Used to check efficiency of plan
Total distance = range to refrigerator + refrigerator to sink + sink to range
Minimum triangle – 12’ total
Maximum triangle – 21’ total
No leg of the triangle should be less than 4’ or greater than 9’
No traffic through work triangle

20. KITCHEN DESIGN: ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
Window by sink
Dining area in kitchen
At least 36” of continual countertop space
At least 15’ of wall space for cabinets and appliances
Cabinet doors open away from work area

21. KITCHEN DESIGN: CABINET SIZES
Base Cabinets
34 ½” high x 24” deep x width in 3” increments, ie. 15”, 18”, 21”, etc.
Wall Cabinets
12” or 13” deep x 12” to 30” high (in 3” increments), and 12” to 36” wide (in 3” increments)
18 inches between base and wall cabinets!

22. STANDARD KITCHEN APPLIANCE/CABINET SIZES

23. KITCHEN : VECTORWORKS CABINETS: WALL, BASE, SINK
Resource Browser > File > Add New Favorite Files > Libraries > Objects Building Architecture & Interiors > Fixtures–Cabinets – Imp.vwx
RANGES, MICROWAVES, REFRIGERATORS, DISHWASHERS, ETC.
Resource Browser > File > Add New Favorite Files > Libraries > Objects Building Architecture & Interiors > Equip-Residential Appliances – Imp.vwz
SINKS
Resource Browser > File > Add New Favorite Files > Libraries > Objects > Building Services – Sanitary Kohler Sinks.vwx

24. BATHROOM DESIGN Fixtures Types of bathrooms Lavoratories: sinks
Water closet: toilet
Tub or shower
Types of bathrooms
Half bath: lavoratory and water closet
Not designed for bathing – usually in living area
¾ bath: lavoratory, water closet, shower stall
Full bath: lavoratory, water closet, tub

25. BATHROOM APPLIANCES AND SIZE CLEARANCES

26. BEDROOM DESIGN
MINIMUM SIZE REQUIREMENTS: Master Bedroom 1 or 2 bedroom house – 140 sq. ft 3 bedroom house – 120 sq. ft 4 or more bedroom house – 120 sq. ft Minimum room dimension – 9’4” Other Bedrooms 1 or 2 bedroom house – 110 sq. ft. 3 bedroom house – 110 sq. ft. 4 bedroom house – 110 sq. ft. Minimum room dimension – 8’0”

27. BEDROOM DESIGN:OTHER CRITERIA
Bedroom design is directly related to furniture size and arrangement, ie. twin, full, queen, king size bed.
If the bedroom if for a child, there is no need for a king size bed!
Consider the rest of the furniture needed in the room
Dresser, nightstand….what else?
Closets should never be placed on an exterior wall
Bedrooms should have a closet on a shared wall
Bedrooms should have at least two windows
Entrance should be somewhat private
Again…bathroom in close proximity
Proper closet space – see storage

28. UTILITY ROOM
The utility room is an all purpose room. It may contain the following:
Hot water heater
Washer/Dryer
Furnace
Heating and air conditioning ducts
If the house doesn’t have a basement, a utility room is needed!

29. STORAGE SPACE Front Entrance (coat closet) Kitchen Bedrooms Bathroom
3’ by 2’ inside dimensions
Kitchen
15’ of wall space for cabinets
Pantry
Bedrooms
Recommended sizes
3’ of linear space x 24” deep – one person
6’ of linear space x 24” deep – two people
Bathroom
Linen closet
Cabinet space
Avoid long, skinny closets (front to back) – can’t reach back!

30. GARAGE Single Car Sizes 11’ x 19’ to 16’ x 25’ Two Car Sizes
Single Car Door Size
8’ or 9’ wide by 7’ or 8’ high
Two Car Door Size
16’ wide by 7’ or 8’ high
Could use two single doors

31. HALLWAYS Width ranges from 3’ to 3’4”
Confined to AT MOST 10% of total floor area
Should be kept as short as possible
Need to be absolutely necessary or are considered wasted space
Should not lead to an exterior wall

32. STAIRWAYS Characteristics of good stairways Safety Economy of space
Handrails
Landings
Adequate lighting
Minimum width of 3’0”
Make sure you DON’T position stairs so you’re coming right from a wall, or walking into a wall!!! Leave space to get off or on the steps!!

33. STAIRS: TERMINOLOGY Tread: horizontal portion of step
Riser – the vertical part of the step
Enclosed stairs – have walls on both sides
Open stairs – have no walls on one or both sides
Stringer – support for treads and risers
Headroom – from tread of step to ceiling – minimum 6’6”

34. STAIRS: DIAGRAM
Floor to
Ceiling: 8’

35. DOORS Function Shield opening from elements Add decoration
Emphasize overall design
Provide light and ventilation
Expand visibility

36. DOORS: INTERIOR Sizes 2’0” – 3’0” wide Standard increment width is 2”
Typically 6’8” in height
Should be at least 2’6” – 2’10” wide for furniture movement
Many Types (on next slide)
Placement
Minimum interference with living area
No conflicting swings with other doors
Into structures/rooms open in
Located in corners of rooms
Hinged doors (closets) open outward

37. INTERIOR DOOR TYPES FLUSH PANEL BIFOLD SLIDING POCKET DOUBLE ACTION
ACCORDION
DUTCH
FRENCH

38. DOORS: EXTERIOR Entrance/Exit doors Located for ease of movement
Carrying groceries into house
Taking out garbage
Carrying laundry in and out of house
Paths between house and garage/driveway/patio/rear yard
At least 3’0” wide
6’8” in height

39. EXTERIOR DOOR TYPES Differences from interior doors Door types
Not hollow core
Thicker
May have glass panels for visibility
Door types
Flush
Panel
Swinging
Sliding
Garage (Overhead) doors
Door with sidelights

40. WINDOWS Function Shield opening from elements Add decoration
Emphasize overall design
Provide light and ventilation
Expand visibility

41. WINDOWS: PLACEMENT Living Room Dining Room Kitchen Bathrooms Bedrooms
Walls not broken with too many small windows
Consider view
Dining Room
Sliding doors to outside?
Kitchen
Used for ventilation
Placed above sink
Bathrooms
Placed for maximum privacy
Used for ventilation (though a fan is ok)
Bedrooms
Windows on two walls
1st floor – wide, short windows for privacy

42. WINDOWS: TYPES & THEIR SYMBOLS