1. THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

2. MARX
NIETZSCHE
DARWIN
SPENCER
DURKHEIM
WEBER

3. THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
1. DEFINITION OF SOCIOLOGY: THE
SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
AND SOCIAL INTERACTION
WE LIVE IN GROUPS AND GROUPS
AFFECT OUR LIVES
THE FOCUS OF STUDY IS ON GROUPS
RATHER THAN THE INDIVIDUAL
USE SCIENTIFIC METHOD- BEYOND
COMMONSENSE

4. 2. SOCIOLOGY AS “DEBUNKING”
LOOK BEHIND THE APPARENT -
UNMASKING REALITY
LOOKING FOR NEW INTERPRETATIONS
OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR

5. 3.STUDY OF “PATTERNED BEHAVIORS” THAT MEET OUR SOCIAL NEEDS:
PROVIDE GOODS AND SERVICES-
ECONOMIC SYSTEM
REGULATE SEX - THE FAMILY
PASS ON OUR WAY OF LIFE-EDUCATION
MAINTAIN ORDER- GOVERNMENT/LAW
GIVE MEANING TO LIVE - RELIGION

6. 4. THE SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION
PERSONAL ISSUES SEEN IN SOCIAL
CONTEXT
SEE HOW SOCIAL STRUCTURES AFFECT
OUR INDIVIDUAL LIVES
5. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY
WE DEFINE WHAT IS REAL
WHO HAS THE POWER TO DEFINE
REALITY

7. SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
EMILE DURKHEIM
MAX WEBER
KARL MARX

9. STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL THEORY
1. EXAMINES HOW SOCIAL STRUCTURES
FUNCTION TO MEET SOCIAL NEEDS
2. ASKS THE QUESTION:
“WHAT STRUCTURES EXIST, AND ARE
THEY FUNCTIONING PROPERLY?”

13. ASSUMPTIONS
1. SOCIAL STRUCTURES COME BY
CONSENSUS
2 SOCIETY LIKE ORGANISM WITH
INTERACTING PARTS
3. STABILITY IS THE MAIN CRITERION
4. LATENT AND MANIFEST
CONSEQUENCES

14. SOCIAL STRUCTURES MAY BE
DYSFUNCTIONAL
SOCIAL STRUCTURES ADAPT TO
CHANGING SOCIAL NEEDS
EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONALIST VIEW:
A STATIC AND CONSERVATIVE VIEW OF
SOCIAL SYSTEMS
TENDS TO SUPPORT THE STATUS QUO

15. CONFLICT THEORY
1. GROUPS IN SOCIETY ARE IN CONSTANT
STRUGGLE FOR CONTROL OF SCARCE
RESOURCES
2. ASK THE QUESTION: “WHO BENEFITS?”
3. BASED ON MARX’S CLASS CONFLICT
4. INEQUALITIES ESTABLISHED BY THE
DOMINATE CLASS

16. KARL MARX

18. 5. SOCIAL CHANGE COMES THROUGH
CONFLICT AND REVOLUTION
6. EVALUATION: TOO CRITICAL OF
EXISTING SOCIAL STRUCTURES

19. MARX
NIETZSCHE
DARWIN
SPENCER
DURKHEIM
WEBER

20. SYMBOLIC INTERACTION THEORY
1. INTEREST IN THE SYMBOLIC MEANING
PEOPLE GIVE TO INTERACTIONS
2. LOOK FOR THE SUBJECTIVE MEANING
PEOPLE GIVE TO EVENTS
3. ASK THE QUESTION: “WHO IS DEFINING
THE SITUATION?”

21. HERBERT BLUMER
GEORGE H. MEAD
CHARLES H.COOLEY
ERVING GOFFMAN

24. 4. ASSUMPTIONS
BEHAVIOR, GESTURE AND WORDS
CAN HAVE MULTIPLE INTERPRETATIONS
MEANING IS CREATED THROUGH
INTERACTION, DOES NOT EXIST IN
THE ACT ITSELF
MEANING RESULTS FROM THE
“DEFINITION OF THE SITUATION”

25. THE
END