1. Major Trade Patterns in the Eastern Hemisphere from 1000 to 1500 AD
Trade Routes
Major Trade Patterns in the Eastern Hemisphere from 1000 to 1500 AD

3. Silk Road Trading Where did the Silk Roads start? Where did they end?
What goods came from China?
compass—used by travelers to figure out what direction they were going
paper—traveled through Muslim world to Byzantium and Western Europe
porcelain
textiles—fabric for clothes; silk

4. Ideas from China
Buddhism—which spread from India to China then spread from China to Korea and Japan
Printing spread from China
Paper money spread from China

7. Indian Ocean Trading Maritime routes—trading across oceans, not land
Where will the ships travel?
What goods and ideas will they carry?
Textiles—made from silk, wool and cotton
Spices—from islands in the Indian Ocean
Crops for making sugar
Lateen sail

8. Ideas from India
What two religions started in India and spread to Southwest Asia?

10. Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Trans means across, so across the Sahara Desert
How will traders cross the desert?
What very valuable good will come from West Africa?

12. European Trade Routes Northern Europe connects to the Black Sea
Western Europe used rivers and seas for trade

13. Amber from Scandinavia

14. Water Wheels and Wind Mills
Important technology for Medieval Europe: When the Black Death killed so many people, technology that could replace human work became even more important
Early windmills were used to grind grain. They may have come from Persia.
Water wheels were used for mining.

15. Middle East Trading of Goods and Ideas
Textiles from the Middle East
Porcelain from Persia
Islam spreads into West Africa and Central and Southeast Asia

17. Trade Influenced on Japan

18. From China, Japan got . . .
writing—Japanese did not have a system for writing, so they borrowed the Chinese characters
Chinese architecture was brought to Japan by Korean architects
Buddhism comes to Japan; coexists with Shintoism

19. Shintoism
Shintoism is an ethnic religion unique to Japan—it did NOT spread
In Shintoism, nature and natural forces are very important. Shintos believe that kamis (gods) reside in nature. Ancestors and the emperor are also important and are worshipped.

20. African Civilizations

21. Axum Draw and label the Nile River on your map.
Label the Ethiopian Highlands on your map.
Label Axum on your map.
Axum

23. Axum Axum was a Christian Kingdom. Today it is Ethiopia.
Axum conquered the Kush in 350 AD.
Why would a kingdom be located here?
Why would this kingdom by Christian?

24. Axum Axum Tsion—the oldest Christian church in Ethiopia.
This stele marks a king’s tomb. It is thought to show the way to heaven. What civilization wrote the first laws on a stele? What were those law’s called?
Axum Tsion—the oldest Christian church in Ethiopia.

25. Zimbabwe Draw and label the Limpopo and Zambezi Rivers.
Label the Indian Coast.
Label Great Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe

26. Great Zimbabwe
Great Zimbabwe was a rich city between and 1400 AD because of trade in:
Copper
Gold

27. Great Zimbabwe The Shona people lived in Great Zimbabwe.
They built huge walls of stone that were up to 32 feet tall.

28. West African Kingdoms
Draw and label the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali and Songhai on your map.
Draw and label the Niger River.
Label the Sahara Desert.

29. Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Trade routes go from West to East.
Trade routes also go North to South.

30. Trading Two Very Important Goods

31. Ghana as a Center of Trade
Gold came from the land South of Ghana.
Salt came from the Sahara Desert North of Ghana.
Neither came from Ghana itself. How did Ghana make money from gold and salt then?
TAXES!!!!!! Traders had to pay a tax when they entered Ghana and when they left Ghana. Ghana became very rich.

32. Why salt?
Gold was used by the people in Muslim lands and Italy who made coins from gold.
Muslims used gold to buy silk and porcelain from China.
But why salt?
Salt was very valuable:
When people live in hot places, they sweat a lot. They lose salt when they sweat. Bodies need to replace this salt.
Salt helps to preserve meat so that it doesn’t rot so fast.
Cows need salt and many people raised cows.

33. Timbuktu
This city was an important center of trade and learning in the Mali Empire.
One of the first universities was located here.

34. Religious Beliefs in West Africa
West Africans kept many of their own beliefs, like animism.
Animism is the belief that all nature objects have souls, or they are alive. This is similar to the ______________ beliefs of Japan.
Islam spread through North Africa and was also important in Ghana, Mali and Songhai.
Many people who converted to Islam kept their beliefs in animism.