1. The Thirteen English Colonies

2. Religious Freedom
Quakers -
1. Pacifists
2. Believed all people are equal in the eyes of God. (Including Men and Women)
3. Believed in real religious freedom.

3. Believed in real religious freedom.
PENNSYLVANIA
William Penn
Believed in real religious freedom.
Spoke out for better treatment
of Native Americans
Set up a safe haven for Quakers
because they were persecuted
in England and in other colonies.
Holy Experiment:Pennsylvania was a model of religious freedom, peace, and Christian living.

4. MASSACHUSETTS
The Puritans formed a colony in Massachusetts for "religious freedom."
*This was ironic because they did not practice religious freedom... you had to live a Puritan life or you were persecuted.
JOHN WINTHROP: First governor and minister of Massachusetts Bay Colony

5. MASSACHUSETTS Theocracy: a government run according to a religion.
Those who opposed the governor of Massachusetts were often banished... or worse
- Anne Hutchison: Banished for challenging Puritan beliefs and went to Rhode Island.
- Mary Dyer: Hanged for being a Quaker.

6. MARYLAND
Lord Baltimore wanted to establish a safe place for Catholics in the New World because:
- England became increasingly Protestant and Catholics were not trusted after the attack by the Spanish Armada.
Maryland was established as a safe place for not just Catholics, but all Christians. Lord Baltimore passed the
Act of Toleration: gave religious freedom to all Christians living in Maryland.

7. Economic
VIRGINIA
established to make money for the Virginia Company Investors
John Smith - a strict leader, "if you don't work you don't eat"
Founded: to make profit for England from cash crops like tobacco.
Bacon's Rebellion: farmers were upset about the Government not protecting them against Native American attacks.
Nathaniel Bacon led a group of angry settlers and they burned the capital at Jamestown.

8. VIRGINIA

9. NEW HAMPSHIRE John Mason: granted a royal charter from the King.
Founded: for fishing and trading to make money for the King
Coastal land once a part of Massachusetts was now a separate colony.
Was a ROYAL colony: colony under the control of the English crown and used to make money for the monarch.

10. NEW HAMPSHIRE

11. DELAWARE Coastal land for Pennsylvania (Trade & Fishing)
Key People: Duke of York sold it to William Penn
Why Founded:
People living there were Swedish.
-did not want to send Delegates to the Pennsylvania Assembly
-Penn let them govern themselves

12. North and South Carolina
The Carolinas were originally chartered as one colony to a group of 8 English Nobles, but were later separated into two colonies.
North Carolina: poor tobacco farmers from Virginia moved south into North Carolina.
South Carolina: 8 English Proprietors: (people who receive land and can divide up among themselves however they want as long as the King is still in control).

13. North and South Carolina
Why Founded:
South Carolina
Purpose: to make money for England off of the rich farmland there.
Rice and indigo grew well in the Carolinas and could be sold around the world.
North Carolina
Purpose: land for poor tobacco farmers from southern Virginia
Difference:
South Carolina had more slaves than North Carolina.

14. Political CONNECTICUT
Thomas Hooker wanted to limit the power of the Governor.
Banished from Massachusetts Bay: for questioning the authority of Governor John Winthrop
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut:
·All male property owners could vote.
·Limited the Governor's power.

15. RHODE ISLAND Williams did not get the land from a charter
Roger Williams: Did not believe the King could give away Native American land by giving out charters.
Also challenged the Governor's authority and believed in religious toleration:
- letting others practice their own religion freely without restriction.
Williams did not get the land from a charter
-he bought the land from the local Native Americans

16. NEW YORK People upset under Dutch rule
Patroon: an owner of a huge estate in New Netherlands.
Peter Stuyvesant: A Dutch ruler who was very unpopular for his harsh rule and high taxes.
New Netherlands became New York when the English military ordered a surrender. The colonists were not willing to fight for
Stuyvesant, so it became an English colony which the King gave to
the Duke of York.
Power shifted from Patroons to The Duke of York to an Assembly that was elected.

19. GEORGIA
James Oglethorpe: he was a respected soldier who wanted to set up a colony for prison debtors.
- In England, if you owed someone money they could have you put in jail. You could never earn off your debt to be set free if you could not work.
Why Founded: Oglethorpe wanted debtors to be able to come to the New World and get a fresh start.
- The area of Georgia also served as a buffer against Spanish Florida.

20. NEW JERSEY
The King gave the land of New Jersey as a gift to his two friend Lord Berkeley & Sir George Carteret. as a thank you for once sheltering Charles II and his brother James on the island of Jersey.
It was a proprietary colony: King gives land to one or more people who then divide it up.
It was also a royal colony: under control of the English Crown.

21. Attachments