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History and Approaches

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1 History and Approaches
Review AP Psychology

2 It’s Your Turn Grab a partner--you may only work in pairs.
Decide who will be “A” and who will be “B” -- “B” must turn your back so that you cannot see the screen. When the next slide is revealed, there will be a topic. Participant “A” will describe to partner “B” the list of eight items that will be shown. When “B” has identified all eight terms on the list, shout “Done!” “A” can use a list, describing words, hand signals, acting out, etc. “A” can do whatever is necessary for “B” to identify the words (except use parts of the work or tell them the words). When the next slide is revealed, both “A” and “B” can see the topic. Partner “B” should then turn your back before the word list is revealed.

3 Schools and Historical Approaches to Psychology

4 Functionalism Psychoanalytical Behavioral Structuralism Gestalt Psychology

5 Schools and Historical Approaches to Psychology

6 Biological View The Humanistic Evolutionary View Developmental The Cognitive Sociocultural

7 Types of Psychologists

8 Counseling Psychologist Health Psychologist Experimental Psychologist
Sports Psychologist Neuropsychologist School Psychologist Psychometricians Counseling Psychologist Health Psychologist Experimental Psychologist Educational Psychologist

9 Types of Psychologists

10 Rehabilitation Psychologists Personality Psychologist
Social Psychologist Rehabilitation Psychologists Personality Psychologist Forensic Psychologist Engineering Psychologist Industrial/Organizational Psychologist Developmental Psychologist Clinical Psychologist

11 History and Approaches
Evolutionary Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Socialcultural Behavioral

12 By helping each other, we are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

13 Unconscious sexual motivation prompts our willingness to help others.
Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

14 A specific brain region underlies our experience of empathy for persons in distress.
Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

15 We are most likely to help those we perceive as similar to ourselves and whom we believe deserve our assistance. Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

16 By helping others, we achieve a better sense of self-fulfillment and self-actualization.
Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

17 The willingness of people to help varies greatly across the world’s societies.
Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

18 Children who have been rewarded for helpful behavior are more likely to be helpful in future interpersonal interactions. Biological Psychodynamic Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Socialcultural Behavioral

19 According to your text, the best definition of psychology is_________.
The understanding of unconscious processes The study of the human mind The scientific study of human behaviors The exploration of personality traits The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

20 The empirical approach to psychological research is best reflected in which of the following statements. There are many specialties within the field of psychology A psychological study is conducted through careful observation and scientifically-based research. Observable behavior is more important than mental processes People can interpret research in different ways The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

21 Experimental psychology Applied psychology Teaching psychology
Dr. Smith works at a research facility where her team is trying to establish a link between a specific protein and a specific mental illness. Dr. Smith is engaged in which type of professional psychology? Experimental psychology Applied psychology Teaching psychology Parapsychology Pseudo-psychology

22 Biological psychologist Psychiatrist Mental health counselor
Dr. Lee is a medical doctor who works in a hospital setting and specializes in diagnosing and treating people with psychological disorders. He can prescribe medication to help in the treatment of mental disorders. Dr. Lee is most likely a(n)______________. Biological psychologist Psychiatrist Mental health counselor Experimental psychologist Developmental psychologist

23 Teaching Experimental Applied Descriptive Child
Dr. Jones, a developmental psychologist, has read a recent research article about children’s taste preferences, which concluded that most children do not like to eat very spicy foods. When the nearby nursery school asked her advice about what to prepare for the children’s snacks, Dr. Jones suggested not including and spicy foods. Dr. Jones is practicing _____________ psychology? Teaching Experimental Applied Descriptive Child

24 The contemporary view of psychology has evolved from all fields of study with the exception of the field of __________. Economics Chemistry Physics Philosophy Biology

25 Most psychologist consider the era of modern psychology to have begun with which of the following events? Sigmund Freud begins practicing self-analysis in 1897 Wilhelm Wundt established a research lab to study the structures of the mind in 1879 William James textbook, Principle of Psychology, in published in 1889 John Watson and Rosalie Rayner conduct the “Little Albert Experiment” in 1920

26 Functionalism is the historical school of psychology that focused on its attention on _____________.
unconscious processes and their effect on behavior cognitive associations and how those impact learned actions the effect of the relationships between parents and children on behavior the belief that mental processes could best be understood in terms of their adaptive purpose and function

27 The behaviorist movement believed that psychology should focus on ____________.
Dreams The totality of mental process Observable actions and associations Reflexes Genetics and biology

28 Wundt’s technique of reporting one’s conscious mental experiences is known as ____________.
Introspection Structuralism Functionalism Psychodynamism Humanism

29 An introspective look at the Necker Cube illustrates that humans do not sense the world as it really is because_________________. humans add personal interpretations to experiences the unconscious mind guides all of our perceptions only learned association have meaning to an individual our free will biases our perceptions of the world behavior and mental processes are not related to perceptual processes

30 Dr. Ortiz studies the effect of neurotransmitter, chemicals that are secreted in the brain, on human behavior. She is best described as a(n)____________psychologist. Cognitive Developmental Evolutionary Sociocultural Biological

31 Dr. Amarosa is studying the relationship between the color of words presented to person and the quantity of the words the person remembers. He is best described as a(an)_________ psychologist. Cognitive Developmental Evolutionary Sociocultural Biological

32 Cognitive Humanistic Psychodynamic Behaviorist Biological
Dr. Schulman believes that human behavior is generated in our unconscious minds and is the result of unresolved conflicts and desires. She views human behavior and mental processes from the _____________ perspectives. Cognitive Humanistic Psychodynamic Behaviorist Biological

33 Which of the following statements best describes modern psychology?
Psychology is diverse field that examines issues from several perspectives Psychology is not a valid scientific field of study Anyone with only a bachelor’s degree can be a psychologist Psychology only explores observable actions Psychology only concentrates on mental processes

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