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The Present Subjunctive

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1 The Present Subjunctive
Page 132 – Chapter 3 Realidades 3 The Present Subjunctive

2 The Subjunctive Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.

3 The Subjunctive Aprendo francés para mi viaje.

4 The Subjunctive Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.

5 The Subjunctive We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend that someone else do.

6 The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form must have two parts (or clauses) connected by the word que.

7 The Subjunctive Each part of the sentence must also have a different subject. El entrenador exige que los atletas estiren los músculos.

8 The Subjunctive The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

9 2 Clauses Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Subjunctive Verb Indicative Verb

10 The Subjunctive Quiero que tú estudies mucho.
I want you to study a lot.

11 The Subjunctive Sugiero que bebas agua antes de correr.
I suggest that you drink water before running.

12 The Subjunctive El entrenador exige que los atletas estiren los músculos. The trainer demands that the athletes stretch their muscles.

13 The Subjunctive Common words found in the first part of the sentence that trigger the use of the subjunctive in the second part of the sentence Want Suggest Advise Recommend Demand Tell Insist in Need Permit prefer Querer Sugerir Aconsejar recomendar Exigir Decir Insistir en Necesitar Permitir Preferir

14 The Subjunctive You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as: es necesario que… es bueno que… es importante que…, followed by a form of the present subjunctive.

15 The Subjunctive Es necesario que hagas ejercicio.
It’s necessary that you do exercise. Es importante que los jóvenes coman bien. It’s important that the young people eat well.

16 The Subjunctive We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form Ud. commands.

17 The Subjunctive Go to the yo form of the verb in the present indicative Drop the –o Add opposite endings

18 The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: e, es, e, emos, éis, en
For -er/-ir verbs: a, as, a, amos, áis, an

19 SALTAR – to jump salte saltes saltemos saltéis salten

20 CONOCER – to know conozca conozcas conozcamos conozcáis conozcan

21 DECIR – to say/tell diga digas digamos digáis digan

22 The Subjunctive The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands.

23 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.

24 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
caerse decir hacer poner salir tener traer

25 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga tener teng-o tenga

26 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.

27 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
buscar busco busque pagar pago pague cruzar cruzo cruce


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