1. Struggle for Democracy in Africa
Why has Africa struggled in gaining democratic governments?

2. II. Ghana :
A) Kwame Nkrumah leads
non-violent movement for
indp in British Gold Coast.
B)After ind, Nkrumah becomes
President for life, costly
projects & more Pan-African
focus hurts his country
I. Algeria :
A)Communist FLN led by
Ahmed Ben Bella rebel
against French Govt.
B)DeGaulle sends in 500K
troops but France loses.
C) US backed Islamic rebels
overthrow Bella’s gov in 65

3. III. Nigeria
A)British give independence to
Fulani (majority)
B) Igbo (minority) attempt to
form own nation causing a
civil war, 1.2 million
Nigerians killed
IV. Kenya:
A)Mau Mau start revolution
against British using
guerilla warfare.
B) Kenyan leader Jomo
Kenyatta wrongly jailed for
starting revolution

4. V. Congo :
A) Communist MNC &
Patrice Lumumba elected
B) US backed coup led by
Joseph Mobuto
overthrows Lumumba gov
C) Mobuto rules as dictator,
changes name of country to
Zaire (his name to Mobuto
Sese Seko)
VI. Angola:
A) Comm. rebels (MPLA)
start revolution against
Portuguese Gov, rebels win
B) US backs anti-communist
group causing a civil war
C) 500K killed in civil war

5. VII. Uganda:
A) Idi Amin takes power in
a coup
B) Amin expels
foreigners & nationalizes
businesses.
C) : Kills 300K
VIII. Rwanda:
A) Tutsi minority rule after
independence.
B) Hutu majority wins
election in 1994.
C)Hutu army and militia
groups kill one million
Tutsis
IX. South Africa:
A)Dutch Afrikaners (Boers)
control Gov
B)Set up Apartheid system
that segregates blacks &
whites
C) Apartheid ends
in 1991, when
Nelson Mandela’s ANC
wins election