1. My Plate : Nutrition
What are Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals?
Why is Water an Important Part of a Healthy Diet?

2. Vocabulary Terms:
Nutrients: Substances in food that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair body tissues & get energy. (6 total)
Metabolism: a chemical process by which your body breaks down food for energy
Calories: the amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down (measurement units)

3. Carbohydrates: Supply energy for your body’s functions
Made of Carbon, hydrogen & oxygen
Two Types: Simple & Complex
Simple= Sugars
Complex= Starches; Fiber (not digestible)
Extra is stored in body for use later.
45-65% of daily diet should be carbs

4. Fats:
Supply your body with energy, form your cells, maintain body temp & protect your nerves.
Made of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen
1 ounce of fat has twice as many calories as Carbs
Two Types: Unsaturated & Saturated (solid at room temp)
20-35% of Daily Diet from Fats

5. Cholesterol:
A waxy, fatlike substance that is only found in animal products
Found in Blood & if too high it collects on the walls of the blood vessels & is called PLAQUE.
Plaque increases risk of HT DZ & Stroke!

6. Trans fats:
Made when manufacturers add hydrogen to fat in vegetable oil so it will stay fresh longer.
Unfortunately it has many of the same negative effects as saturated fats.
Examples: Margarine, chips, commercially baked goods

7. Proteins:
A source of energy, most importantly it plays a major role in the growth & repair of your body’s tissues.
Made of small links called AMINO ACIDS.
20 total- 9 essential amino acids come from 9 we need from diets.
Complete proteins /Incomplete Proteins
10-35% of your daily diet

8. Vitamins: Nutrients made by living things. 2 Classes:
Fat Soluable- A,D,E & K
Oil, liver, eggs & some veggies
Dissolve in fatty materials
Extra is Stored by Body
Water Soluable- C, B’s
Fruits & Veggies
Dissolve in Water
Extra Not Stored in Body

9. Antioxidants:
Vitamins that help protect healthy cells from damage caused by the normal aging process as well as forms of cancer.
Examples: Vitamin C & E; citrus fruits, strawberries, broccoli, tomatoes, potatoes

10. Minerals: Body requires small amounts
Nutrients that occur naturally in rocks & soil.
Plants absorb them through their roots & animals obtain them by eating those plants or other animals.
24 needed; 7 in significant amounts.
Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Chlorine, & Sulfer

11. Terms:
Anemia- lack of iron that causes red blood cells to have too little hemoglobin.

12. Water: 65% of the body is made up of Water!!
Almost all chemical reactions in the body must take place in a water solution
Homeostasis: the process of maintaining a steady state inside your body.
Electrolytes- substances that regulate processes in your cells.
Dehydration: serious reduction in body’s water content.

13. Water: Everyday you need 10, 8 ounce cups (girls), 14 cups (boys)
Can come from foods & drinks combined