1. Approach, Design, & Procedure The Weakness & Strength
Content of Presentation
Background
Approach, Design, & Procedure
The Weakness & Strength
The Decline of ALM
The Application in Language Classroom

2. Background The entry of the United States into World War II
ASTP (the Army Specialized Training Program)
Student exchange

3. INTRODUCTION
Founded around 1950’s and 1960’s, ALM was based on structural linguistic and behavioral physchology: the way to acquire the sentence patterns of the target language is repetition of dialogues about every day situations that are imitated and drilled to make the response automatic.

4. Approach Speech is language A language is a set of habits
Teach the language, not about the language

5. Theory of language
Language is a system of structural related elements, like phonological units, grammatical units, and lexical items, for the transmission of meaning.
So to learn the target language is to master the elements of the target language system.
Each language is seen to have its own unique system

6. Theory of language learning
Learning as behavioral psychology
The occurrence of these behavior is dependent upon three crucial element in learning:
Stimulus
Response
Reinforcement

7. Language learning is habit-formation.
Mistakes, the bad habit, should be avoided.
Language skills are learned more effectively if they are presented orally first, then in written form.
The meaning of words can be learned only in a linguistic and cultural context.

8. Design
DESIGN
Objectives
Types of learning & teaching activities
Syllabus
Learner Roles; Teacher Roles; & Role of instructional materials

9. OBJECTIVES Accuracy Fluency Sufficient Vocabulary
Short-Term
Control of structure: sound, form, order
Acquaintance with vocabulary
Meaning
Long-term
Natives-alike
Focus: oral / speaking skill;
depending on:
Accuracy
Fluency
Sufficient Vocabulary
Major phonological features of the target language
Use of key grammatical patterns