1. EASTERN HEMISPHERE WHI.10

2. Vocabulary: Things to Know  Textile  Amber  Porcelain  Water wheel  Windmill  Lateen sail  Archipelago  Shinto  Animism

3. Textile  Cloth or woven material

4. Amber  Fossilized tree sap used in medicine and jewelry

5. Porcelain  Strong, ceramic material made from clay

6. Water wheel  Machine that uses energy from flowing water

7. Windmill  Machine that uses energy from wind

8. Lateen sail  Triangular sail used on sailing ships. Makes ships easier to move & steer

9. Archipelago  Chain of islands

10. Shinto  Japanese religion with beliefs in natural forces and spirits. “Way of the Gods.”

11. Animism  Belief that humans, non-humans, and natural phenomena have spirits or souls

12. Japan  Archipelago  Isolated Little change  Little land, resources  Near mainland Asia  Shinto (Shintoism)  Only in Japan  Natural world Spirits Ancestors  Practice with Buddhism  Emperor Worshipped as a god

13. Japan  Cultural diffusion  Very little Japan borrows & adapts  Mainly From China Writing Style Buddhism Architecture

15. Japan  Government  Emperor Religious  Feudal system  Shoguns True rulers Landowners  Frequent wars Land Samurai Ninjas

16. Japan  Way of the Warrior  Military culture  Bushido Courage Benevolence Respect Honesty Honor Loyalty Rectitude (moral behavior) Wisdom

17. Guided Reading pp. 303-307 (skip “Life in the Heian Period”)

18. African Civilizations

19. Axum (100 C.E. – 900 C.E.) Location: Near the Nile River and present-day Ethiopia Religion: Christianity Mediterranean Nile River Arabia Red Sea Indian Ocean

20. Zimbabwe (1220-1450) Location: Sub-Saharan Africa near the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers and the Indian Ocean Capital City: “Great Zimbabwe” Zambezi River Limpopo River Great Zimbabwe

21. West African Kingdoms Kingdoms/Empires: 1.Ghana (300 C.E. – 1200 C.E.) 2.Mali (1200 C.E. – 1500 C.E.) 3.Songhai (1430 C.E. – 1600 C.E.)

22. West African Kingdoms Location: Near the Sahara Desert and Niger River Trading Center: Timbuktu was the center of trade and learning;  gold and salt were important goods

23. West African Kingdoms Religions: Islam, Animism

24. Sahara Desert Niger River Axum Zimbabwe Ghana Mali Songhai Timbuktu Zambezi River Limpopo River Great Zimbabwe