MAINMAIN Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism

A Serbian Nationalist assassinated Austria-Hungary’s Archduke Francis Ferdinand. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia All alliances are drawn into the war

Allies/Triple Entente France Russia Great Britain Serbia Central Powers/Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary Germany Ottoman Empire Italy switched sides to the Allies during the course of the war United States joined the allies in 1917 (could no longer remain neutral)

Investments: American business loaned 2.25 billion dollars to the Allies Allies lose = loss of money U.S. also sold weapons to the Allies Unrestricted Submarine Warfare: Germans used u-boats to fight British blockade Many neutral ships were sunk by u-boats Cruise ship – the Lusitania – was sunk and 128 Americans died

Zimmerman Telegram: (Feb 1917) Germany sent a note to Mexico encouraging them to join the Central Powers Germany promised them American territory U.S. intercepted telegram United States Declares war in April 1917

War was fought on four fronts Trench war was fought on the Western Front Many new weapons were developed such as machine guns and submarines

Liberty Bonds: bonds sold to the public to finance the war – raised over $20 billion Economic Control: President Wilson created agencies to oversee domestic production production of all goods was managed by the government to aid war effort ways to preserve energy were also instituted (beginning of daylight savings)

Enforcing Loyalty: fear of spies, specifically Germans – limited immigration rise of discrimination and nativism enacted policies to enforce loyalty (Espionage Act & Sedition Act) that violated First Amendment’s free speech Women and Minorities: war had limited labor pool by ending immigration and sending white males to the war job opportunities opened up for minorities, specifically African and Mexican Americans, and women

Slowly Central Power nations begin to surrender to the Allies Germany surrenders on November 11, 1918 Flu Epidemic Sweeps World estimated that half a million Americans died and 30 million people worldwide died in less than a year