Joints Chapter 8.

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Presentation transcript:

Joints Chapter 8

What is a joint? Defined as the site where two or more bones meet. Also called an “articulation” Joints allow our skeleton mobility and they hold our skeleton together

Classification of Joints Functional classification Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthroses

Classification of Joints Structural classification Fibrous joints Cartilaginous joints Synovial joints

FIBROUS JOINTS General Characteristics Bones are joined by fibrous tissue No joint cavity is present Most are immovable but some are slightly moveable

TYPES OF FIBROUS JOINTS Sutures (synostoses) Syndesmoses Gomphoses

FIBROUS JOINTS Sutures

FIBROUS JOINTS Syndesmoses

FIBROUS JOINTS Gomphoses

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS General Characteristics Articulating surfaces are united by cartilage No joint cavity Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic

TYPES OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS Synchondroses Symphyses

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

Review Question What is the scientific term for a joint that is immovable? a. Diarthrotic b. Amphiarthrotic c. Synarthrotic

Review Question Which of the following is an example of a fibrous joint? a. Synchondroses b. Syndesmoses c. Symphyses

Review Question Which of the following best describes a suture? a. Synchondroses b. Syndesmoses c. Symphyses d. Synostoses e. Gomphoses

SYNOVIAL JOINTS General Characteristics Articular bones are separated by a fluid-filled cavity Joints of limbs Diarthrotic

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

Movements of synovial joints Axis of motion Nonaxial Uniaxial Biaxial Multiaxial

GLIDING MOVEMENTS

Angular Movements

Angular Movements

Angular Movements

Special Movements

Special Movements

Special Movements

Review Question Which of the following best describes someone who is “pigeon-toed”? a. Medial rotation b. Lateral rotation c. Circumduction d. Inversion e. Eversion

Review Question Which of the following muscle actions best describes “windmill” exercises? a. Medial rotation b. Lateral rotation c. Circumduction d. Inversion e. Eversion

Types of Synovial Joints

Types of Synovial Joints

Types of Synovial Joints

Types of Synovial Joints

Types of Synovial Joints

Types of Synovial Joints

Review Question Which of the following types of synovial joint is found within the joint between the 1st metacarpal and 1st phalange? a. Saddle b. Pivot c. Hinge d. Ball and socket e. Condyloid

Review Question Which of the following types of synovial joint is found within the hip joint? a. Saddle b. Pivot c. Hinge d. Ball and socket e. Condyloid

Joint Injuries Sprains Dislocations Bursitis Tendonitis Arthritis Synovitis