112Scientific Revolution n Pg 112, title: Scientific Revolution n Preview: –The Renaissance was a “rebirth” in many ways. What was “reborn” in the areas of: ArtArt TradeTrade ExplorationExploration ReligionReligion ThinkingThinking

108Scientific Revolution n Pg 108, title: Scientific Revolution n Preview: –Pick up a copy of “The Power of Big Ideas”—the 11 greatest inventions of all time (according to Newsweek magazine). –What is missing from this list and what should not be included. Explain why.

Scientific Scientific Revolution—a movement in the 1600s in which new technology and innovative approaches to seeking knowledge led to a breakthrough in European thought. (Everything was questioned; nothing was assumed)

Complete Flow Chart on the Scientific Breakthroughs

Scientific Revolution

n Scientific n Scientific Revolution—a movement in the 1600s in which new technology and innovative approaches to seeking knowledge led to a breakthrough in European thought. (Everything was questioned; nothing was assumed)

Logic n During the Scientific Revolution, logic (reasoning) were utilize as tools to find truth; Logic—using the mind and science to determine answers n How did people come up with answers before Scientific Revolution? –Magical Thought (witch did it) –Religious Thought (god did it) –Scientific Thought (using logic)

Deductive Reasoning n Observing something general & using logic to prove a hypothesis (unproven question) n Use Scientific Method to prove hypothesis –Premise: All dogs have four legs –Premise: Rover is a dog –Conclusion: Rover has four legs

Scientific Method n Theory—Observation of something in nature n Form Hypothesis—come up with a question about observation n Experimentation—conduct tests to determine answers to hypothesis n Confirmation—analyze & interpret data to see if hypothesis is true

Inductive Reason n Observing something specific & using logic to make a general statement –Observation: John came to class late this morning –Observation: John’s hair was uncombed –Prior experience: John is very fussy about his hair –Conclusion: John overslept

Reasons for Scientific Revolution n Renaissance—emphasis on order, perfection, its OK to question traditional beliefs, humans can accomplish anything n Reformation—Catholic Church did not always support scientific thought; new religions weakened Church authority n Overseas Exploration—caused scientific research on new plants & animals brought back

William Harvey

n English doctor and teacher--first to correctly describe and prove that blood circulates through the body & pumped by the heart n Provided important understanding of how body works

Andreas Vesalius

n Brought innovation to study of human anatomy for first time in more than 1,500 years n Scientific knowledge is found by observing nature (not reading books) n Recorded first collection of scientific observation since ancient times n Marked beginning of modern science

Nicolaus Copernicus

n Founder of modern astronomy n Introduced heliocentric hypothesis: earth is 1 of many heavenly bodies that spin on their axes & revolve around the sun n Revolutionized Europe’s concept of the universe n Influenced: Galileo, Kepler, & Newton

Galileo Galilei

n Considered one of most influential scientists in history n Law of Inertia, invented telescope, astronomy observations n Perfection of scientific method--emphasis on careful, quantitative measurements

Isaac Newton

n The greatest and most influential scientist of the era n Major contributions to understanding of motion, light, heat n Discovered theory of gravity n Created calculus

Johannes Kepler

n Astronomer and mathematician who mathematically proved Copernicus’ theory about planetary movements n Planets move in ellipses & do not always travel at same speed around the sun

Rene Descartes

n Philosopher & Mathematician who believed truth is found only in logic n Searched for knowledge in everything—went through entire life questioning the existence of everything (except that he was alive) & did not trust anything to be true until he proved it (“I think, therefore I am”)

Benjamin Franklin

n Made important discoveries in electricity and meteorology n Invented bifocals, odometer, & lightening rod

108 n On pg 108, below Preview complete the following Review assignment: n Rank order the most important Scientists during the Scientific Revolution. Under each person write a 1 sentence justification that explains why each scientist was placed where he was on the continuum

Scientific Revolution Web Diagram! Let’s Create a Scientific Revolution Web Diagram!

Scientific Revolution Bonus Game!

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