1. The Scientific Revolution
a new way of thinking about the physical world, using reason, logic & theory testing, which led to modern science.(mid 1500s)

2. 7-2.2 Explain how technological and scientific advances contributed to the power of European nations.

3. I. New Theories About the Universe - geocentric - view that earth is the center of the universe
A. Nicolaus Copernicus
- earth was round
- Heliocentric - Earth rotates on an axis & around sun.
- published work before death
B. Johannes Kepler
- mathematical proof that the planets revolve around the sun AND…
- in ellipses.

4. II. Challenging the Church
A. Galileo Galilei
• confirmed Copernicus’ theory - discovered 4 moons of Jupiter
• Pope Urban VIII tried him for heresy
B. Galileo forced to recant statements
- establish the universal laws of physics.

5. III. New Scientific Method
A. Francis Bacon -
philosopher- helped develop the scientific method
Scientific Method - method used to confirm findings & to prove or disprove a hypothesis

6. III. New Scientific Method
B. René Descartes -
One of the fathers of modern philosophy
- saw mathematics as a model for clear & certain knowledge
- One unshakable truth, “I think therefore I am.”

7. IV. Newton’s Universe
Isaac Newton
• expanded the findings of Copernicus,
Galileo, & Kepler.
• theory of gravity; to prove this, he
developed calculus.
• Three laws of Motion

8. V. Chemistry
Robert Boyle
• father of chemistry
• established chemistry as a pure science.
• discovered that matter is made up of elements
and cannot be broken down into simpler parts
• Boyle’s Law

9. VI. Investigating the Human Body
A. Andreas Vesalius -
- Dissected human bodies
- made huge discoveries in anatomy.
(founder of human anatomy)
B. William Harvey
• discovered that blood circulates throughout the body, pumped by the heart & returning through veins