1. The Scientific Revolution
10.2
Chapter 6.1
Pgs

2. Dominate Mondays, like……..

3. Essential Question
What circumstances led to the Scientific Revolution?

4. MAIN IDEA- In the Mid-1500s,Scientists began to question accepted beliefs and make new theories based on experimentation.
WHY IT MATTERS NOW-Such questioning led to the development of the scientific method still in use today.

5. SETTING THE STAGE
Great time of change
Renaissance- rebirth of learning and the arts (spirit of curiosity)
Scholars began to- question ideas that had been accepted 100s of years
Reformation- questioning traditional thinking about God and salvation
Questioning the physical world was next for scholars

6. Roots of Modern ScienceAD
Middle Ages
What is true or false came from
Greek
Romans
Bible
Geocentric theory: earth is the center of the universe
Comes from Aristotle and reinforced by Christianity

8. Scientific RevolutionAD
Scholars publish ideas that challenge the accepted truths.
Ideas based on careful observation of
natural world
scientific study
question old beliefs

9. Discoveries and Circumstances
1.Explorers traveled to Africa, Asia, and America (discovered new people and animals) New truths to be found
2. Printing press spreads ideas

10. Old Science New Science
Scholars relied on ancient authorities, church teachings, common sense, and reasoning to explain the physical world.
Old Science
Scholars began to use observation, experimentation, and scientific reasoning to gather knowledge and draw conclusions about the physical world.
New Science

11. The Science Guys

12. Revolutionary Model of the Universe
Nicolaus Copernicus ( )
Heliocentric Theory: developed by Nicolaus Copernicus
(1543) Book: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies
Stars, earth and planets revolve around the sun
Other scientists built on this foundation
Johannes Kepler (Elliptical movement)

13. Galileo Galilei Builds 1st telescope to study astronomy in 1609
1632 Book: Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
Finding supports Copernican theory
1633 stands trial before the Pope
Galileo Galilei ( )

14. The Church Response The church continued to disagree with him.
They asked “If the Earth is moving, why can’t we feel it?”
They ordered him to stop his experiments and threatened him with excommunication.
However, he did not stop. He wanted to find proof.
Remained under house arrest until his death in 1642

15. Modern scientific method is based on ideas of Bacon and Descartes
René Descartes (1600’s)
Developed analytical geometry (linking of algebra and geometry)
Everything should be doubted until proved by reason
Modern scientific method is based on ideas of Bacon and Descartes
René Descartes
“I think, therefore I am.”

16. Instead of just accepting anything the Church said people used the scientific method:
Question( From Observation)
Hypothesis (Unproven Assumption)
Test (Experiment)
Analyze (Interpret Data)
Conclusion

17. The Scientific Method Sir Francis Bacon (1600’s)
Logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas :
Science should improve people’s lives
Should experiment and then develop conclusions

18. Sir Isaac Newton Combined breakthroughs of past scientists
1687 The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
Established the laws of gravity
Laws of universe expressed through mathematics
God created the universe
Sir Isaac Newton ( )

19. The Scientific Revolution Spreads
1590 Zacharias Janssen
Invents microscope
Leads to the observation of bacteria
Andreas Vesalius
(1543) On the Structure of the Human Body
Publishes observations of dissected human corpses
Edward Jenner
Produced worlds first vaccination for small pox in late 1700’s

20. Robert Boyle
(1661) The Skeptical Chemist
Discovers law that explains the “characteristics of gases”
Considered to be the founder of modern Chemistry
These same notions of reason and order eventually led to political science

21. Warm Up
Isaac Newton____ A) Considered the founder of Modern Chemistry
Galileo Galilei____ B) Using common sense, and reasoning to explain
the physical world.
Robert Boyle___ C) Established the laws of gravity
New Science____ D) Expanded Copernicus's ideas and tried to prove
it to the church
Old Science____ E) Using observation and experimentation to
gather information to analyze the physical world
1. In what way was Copernicus’s heliocentric theory different then the Church’s geocentric theory?
2. What groundbreaking system did Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes help develop?
3. Why might the Church dislike the ideas of Bacon and Descartes?