1. The Scientific Revolution
Before: Skim and Scan Section 2 and write a 30 word prediction.

2. Chapter 18 Section 2 Questions
In the 1400s, Europe’s scientific knowledge expanded because of _____________.
Early scientist ________ theorized that the planets moved in an elliptic path around the sun.
In 1632, the Roman Catholic Church condemned the ideas of the Italian scientist _____________.
“I think, therefore I am” was written by ______.
The English thinker _________ developed what is known as the scientific method.

3. What was most interesting about this?
Why?
The Scientific Method

4. OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
What was most interesting about this?
Why?
The Scientific Method
OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.

5. OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
What was most interesting about this?
Why?
The Scientific Method
OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
HYPOTHESIZE about what you observed.

6. OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
What was most interesting about this?
Why?
The Scientific Method
OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
HYPOTHESIZE about what you observed.
PREDICT something based on your hypothesis.

7. OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
What was most interesting about this?
Why?
The Scientific Method
TEST your predictions through experiments and observations
OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
HYPOTHESIZE about what you observed.
PREDICT something based on your hypothesis.

8. The Scientific Method OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
What was most interesting about this?
Why?
The Scientific Method
MODIFY hypothesis in light of results.
TEST your predictions through experiments and observations
OBSERVE some aspect of the universe.
HYPOTHESIZE about what you observed.
PREDICT something based on your hypothesis.

9. The Scientific Revolution
Mathematics, Astronomy, & Medicine were 3 of the earliest sciences.
The Greeks used theories to understand nature, but they did not experiment with ideas.
Aristotle observed nature and classified information about animals and plants.

10. The Scientific Revolution
Ptolemy believed the earth was the center of the universe.
During the middle ages people were more interested with the study of God than science.
The Islamic Empire preserved science from ancient civilizations. They were later translated into Latin.
Universities & Exploration added to scientific knowledge.

11. A Revolution in Astronomy
Astronomy was the 1st science affected by the Scientific Revolution.
Copernicus – believed the sun was the center of the universe.
Kepler – believed the planets moved in ellipses or oval paths.
Galileo – objects of different weights fall at the same speed. Improved the telescope. He was tried for heresy by the Roman Catholic Church

12. New Scientific Discoveries
Newton – proposed the law of gravitation, which explains how the solar system stays together.
Andreas Vesalius – dissected human bodies for scientific study.
Robert Hooke – discovered cells using a microscope.
Robert Boyle – all substances were made up of basic elements.
Antoine Lavoisier – oxygen is required for objects to burn.

13. The Triumph over Reason
Descartes – wrote Discourse on Method. The book discussed the problem of knowing truth & the idea that all scientific stemmed from mathematics.
Rationalism – the belief that reason is the source of knowledge.
Francis Bacon – developed the scientific method.
Hypothesis – explanation of the facts based on observations.

14. IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

15. IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Sun- centered Solar System

16. IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Sun- centered Solar System
Elliptical Orbits

17. IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Sun- centered Solar System
Universal Law of Gravitation
Elliptical Orbits

18. IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Sun- centered Solar System
Blood flows through the body
Universal Law of Gravitation
Elliptical Orbits

19. Cells make up living material
IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Sun- centered Solar System
Blood flows through the body
Universal Law of Gravitation
Elliptical Orbits
Cells make up living material

20. Cells make up living material
IDEAS FORM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Sun- centered Solar System
Materials need oxygen for fire
Blood flows through the body
Universal Law of Gravitation
Elliptical Orbits
Cells make up living material

21. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
During the Scientific Revolution scientists made discoveries in many fields, such as astronomy and medicine.
THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Chapter 18 Section 2
Nicolaus Copernicus
1473 – 1543
Poland
Earth orbited the Sun; Earth rotates on its axis.
Galileo Galilei
1564 – 1642
Italy
Other planets have moons.
Johannes Kepler
1571 – 1630
Germany
Planets have elliptical orbits.
William Harvey
1578 – 1657
England
Heart pumps blood.
Robert Hooke
1635 – 1703
Cells.
Robert Boyle
1627 – 1692
Ireland
Air is made of gases.
Isaac Newton
1643 – 1727
Gravity; laws of motion; calculus.
Antoine Lavoisier
1743 – 1794
France
How materials burn.