1. Scientific Revolution
Preview:
The Renaissance was a “rebirth” in many ways. What was “reborn” in the areas of:
Art
Trade
Exploration
Religion
Thinking

2. Scientific Revolution-a movement in the 1600s in which new technology and innovative approaches to seeking knowledge led to a breakthrough in European thought. (Everything was questioned; nothing was assumed)

3. Scientific Revolution

4. Logic
During the Scientific Revolution, logic (reasoning) were utilize as tools to find truth; Logic—using the mind and science to determine answers
How did people come up with answers before Scientific Revolution?
Magical Thought (witch did it)
Religious Thought (god did it)
Scientific Thought (using logic)

5. Deductive Reasoning
Observing something general & using logic to prove a hypothesis (unproven question)
Use Scientific Method to prove hypothesis
Premise: All dogs have four legs
Premise: Rover is a dog
Conclusion:
Rover has four legs

6. Scientific Method Theory—Observation of something in nature
Form Hypothesis—come up with a question about observation
Experimentation—conduct tests to determine answers to hypothesis
Confirmation—analyze & interpret data to see if hypothesis is true

7. Inductive Reason
Observing something specific & using logic to make a general statement
Observation: John came to class late this morning
Observation: John’s hair was uncombed
Prior experience: John is very fussy about his hair
Conclusion:
John overslept

8. Reasons for Scientific Revolution
Renaissance—emphasis on order, perfection, its OK to question traditional beliefs, humans can accomplish anything
Reformation—Catholic Church did not always support scientific thought; new religions weakened Church authority
Overseas Exploration—caused scientific research on new plants & animals brought back

9. William Harvey

10. William Harvey
English doctor and teacher--first to correctly describe and prove that blood circulates through the body & pumped by the heart
Provided important understanding of how body works

11. Andreas Vesalius

12. Andreas Vesalius
Brought innovation to study of human anatomy for first time in more than 1,500 years
Scientific knowledge is found by observing nature (not reading books)
Recorded first collection of scientific observation since ancient times
Marked beginning of modern science

14. Nicolaus Copernicus

15. Nicolaus Copernicus Founder of modern astronomy
Introduced heliocentric hypothesis: earth is 1 of many heavenly bodies that spin on their axes & revolve around the sun
Revolutionized Europe’s
concept of the universe
Influenced: Galileo,
Kepler, & Newton

16. Galileo Galilei

17. Galileo Galilei
Considered one of most influential scientists in history
Law of Inertia, invented telescope, astronomy observations
Perfection of scientific method--emphasis on careful, quantitative measurements

18. Isaac Newton

19. Isaac Newton
The greatest and most influential scientist of the era
Major contributions to understanding of motion, light, heat
Discovered theory of gravity
Created calculus

20. Johannes Kepler

21. Johannes Kepler
Astronomer and mathematician who mathematically proved Copernicus’ theory about planetary movements
Planets move in ellipses & do not always travel
at same speed around
the sun

22. Rene Descartes

23. Rene Descartes
Philosopher & Mathematician who believed truth is found only in logic
Searched for knowledge in everything—went through entire life questioning the existence of everything (except that he was alive) & did not trust anything to be true until he proved it (“I think, therefore I am”)

24. Benjamin Franklin

25. Benjamin Franklin
Made important discoveries in electricity and meteorology
Invented bifocals, odometer, & lightening rod